Thermodynamics

the study of energy, how it is stored, transfered and transformed

force per unit area

measure of how hot or cold something is

a system used to measure and compare the temperature

the subject of temperature investigation

it is a property, being that property which is associated with cubic measure

is the volume occupied by unit mass and has a basic unit as cubic meter/kg

is the capacity for doing work in a given time

is the ratio of work got out of a machine to the work put into it, and it is done in the same time. It is also the ratio of the power to the input power

is a value of 1 i.e: 100% efficient

Quantities of subjects from either pressure, volume, or temperature measured from perfect vacuum.

Values of properties which are independent of mass, such as temperature and pressure.

Values of properties which are dependent upon mass, such as volume and energy in its various forms

when a substance is of the same nature throughout its mass

substance in a single phase

substance in two phase

property that is used in connection with heat transfer to and from a system

enthalpy per unit mass

it is the heat energy transfered and work done by system

heat energy absorbed when a solid melts, and released when a liquid solidifies

it is heat energy absorbed when a liquid boils and releases when a gas condenses (or liqudifies)

is the expansion of size of an object from its original size caused by application of heat energy on the object while increasing internally the movement and distance apart from each other of its molecules and displacing them from their original position

a combinationof two or more metals or non metals mixed, and then cooled

is the expansionof metals cinsidered in only one direction

is the increase in length per unit length per degree increase in temperature.

occurs when the expansion of a material is limited by a tructure or environment

is an internal resistance set up in a metal due to the application of an external force and is expressed as a force on unit cross sectional area

is the change of shaoe that takes place due ti a material being stressed and linear strain is expressed as a change in length over the original length

is the cinstant obtained by dividing the stress set up in it by the strain the metal endures under the stress, provided tge elastic limit is not exceeded

is a type of thermal expansion in which whenever a solid is heated, its surface area increases. It is when expansion is cinsidered in 2D

the increase in area per unit area per degree increase in temperature 2ą

the increase in volume, it is when expansion is cinsidered in 3D (volumetric expansion) 3ą

is the increase in volume per unit volume per degree temperature rise

increase in volume the occurs when a liquid is heated

it is the difference between the volumetric expansion of the liquid and the volumetric expansion of its cintainer