1Disease Type?
*Salmonellosis (gastroenteritis)
*Typhoid Fever
2How does it appear on HEA plates?
appears black on plate
3CO?
*Salmonella enterica and bongori
4What are the NTS (non-typhoid salmonella) types?
S. typhimurium
S. enteritidis
5What are typhoid versions of Salmonella enterica?
*S. typhi (CT 18 or Ty2)
*S. paratyphi
6What type of secretion system does it use?
Type 3 secretion system, inserts itself, is not digested by lyzosome
7Classification?
*gram negative motile rod
*fimbria attatchment to epitheila
*intracellular parasite
*Type 3 secretion system
*H2S production (black on HEA plate)
8How many serotypes?
*2500+ types
9What does it secrete as an intracellular parasite?
invasins
12MOT?
oral route, ingestion of contaminated foods (eggs) and water
13Incubation period
12-48 hrs
14Pathogenesis?
*bacteria attatches to the surface of small intestine, invades epithelial and immune cells.
*certain strains produce enterotoxins
15What are the effects of enterotoxins?
*dysentery
*hemolytic-uremic syndrome (shiga toxins)
16Describe the type 3 secretion system for Salmonella:
*endocytosis
*mutliplication within vesicle (evades lyzosomes)
*lysis and escapes cell
17What are the symptoms?
*gastroenteritis
*fever
Diarrhea (loose, moderate volume, no blood)
18Symptom duration?
resolves in 4-5 dys
carriage (4-5 weeks) carrying the organism but not manifesting the symptoms
19Complications of Gastroenteritis?
*severe dehyration
*worsening of pre-existing conditions
*bacteremia
*localized infections
*chronic carrier state
*reactive arthritis
20Symptoms of Enteric (typhoic fever) version of salmonella:
*headache
*weakness
*loss of appetite
*coated tongue
*cough
*abdominal pain
*diarrhea or constipation
*rashes
21What strains lead to Enteric (typhoic fever)?
*S. typhi
*S. paratyphil
22What is incubation period of Enteric (typhoid fever)?
1-2 weeks
23What is the key symptom of Enteric (typhoid fever)?
*prolonged high fever (103-104 F for 3-4 weeks)
24Symptoms of Enteric (typhoid fever)?
*headache
*weakness
*loss of appetite
*coated tongue
*cough
*abdominal pain
*diarrhea or constipation
*rash (less than 5 % of cases)
25What are the complications of Enteric (Typhoid Fever)?
*intestional hemorrhage (10% of cases)
*intestional perforation (3%)
*tissue necrosis
*tissue necrosis
*infection of other organ systems
*mortality
26What is mortality of Typhoid Fever?
*10%
27Prevention?
*pasteurization
*proper food handling and preparation
*proper sanitation
*typhoid vaccine
28% of protection provided by Typhoid vaccine?
50-80% protection against S. typhi
29What are the two prevented typhoid vaccines?
*Oral attenuated vaccine (Ty21a) every 5 yrs
*Injected polysaccharide (Vi) every 2 yrs
30What is treatment for typhoid fever?
*rehydration therapy
*antibiotics (typhoid fever)
31What antibiotics used for typhoid fever?
*azithromycin
*cephalosporin
*fluroquinolone
*high dose of amoxicillin + probenecid (3 months) for chronic carriers