1Disease Classification
Pharyngitis
2Causative Agent
Strepococcus pyogenes
3GTKY Causative Agent
Gram-positive cocci (GPC), Numerous virluence factors (including exotoxins, >150 different strains or serotypes/ M-protiens), B-hemolytic, nonmotile, Catalase negative
4Epidemiology: Reservoir
Human skin and respiratory tract (carriage high as 15-20% in school children)
5Epidemiology; POE
Mouth and Sinuses
6Epidemiology: MOT
Dircet contact with infected individuals, indirect- inhaled droplets, contaminated food or surfaces
7Incubaction Period
2-5 days
8Pathogenesis
Colonization of tissue aided by virluence factors. Protien F facilitates attachment, the capsule and M protiens inhibit phagocytosis, protien G inhibtis antibody binding, and secreted enzymes damage tissue
9Symptoms
Sore/inflamed throat and tonsils red, swollen and sometimes puss; Fever, headache, fatigue- symptoms resolve in 3-7 days; children may experience- nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
10Complications
Scarlet fever, cellulitis, tissue damage or abscess, metastatic infection, Streptococcal TSS, post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, Acute Rheumatic fever
11Rheumatic Fever Stats
most frequent in children 5-15, global incidence .5 mil cases./year; prevelance >15 mil
12Rheumatic Fever
charecterized by inflammatory lesions involving the heart, joints, subcutanous tissue and central nervous system. Autoimmune etiology
13Rheumatic Fever Symptoms
Minor- fever, swollen or painful joints; Major- Carditis, Arthritis, Chorea, Subcutaneous nodules, Erythema marginatum; Untreat symptoms last 3-6 months
14Acute Rheumatic Fever Complications
Secondary Rheumatic heart disease; permant damage to heart valves, CHF, accounts for 233,000 deaths/year
15Prevention
Avoid crowded areas and infected individuals, practice good hygiene
16Treatment
Penicillian or Amoxicillin; Analgesics for pain