Incubation

chambers that have controlled environments

an insulated/enclosed device that provides an optimal condition of temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions required for the growth of organisms

in order for a microorganism to grow, we also need to provide an optimum temperature and appropriate atmosphere that mimics its environment

Routine incubators in microbiology laboratories are usually set at

commonly isolated bacteria are

concentration of the CO 2 which is 3-5% is needed to maintain the pH of the culture media and environment inside the incubators

environmental factors that influence the growth of bacteria

Essential for the growth of the bacteria

Different incubation temperatures are used depending on what type of organism you are incubating

temperature for fungi

temperature for Bacteria , viruses , and acid-fast bacillus

Fungi and bacteria have separate laboratories because their incubators are different.

Campylobacter jejuni grows best at

Listeria monocytogenes can grow at ; but grows best at

Yersinia enterocolitica can grow at ; but grows best at

L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica require [ ] enrichment

grow best at low temperatures (15-20°C)

grows best at 30°C - 37°C;
Commonly isolated bacteria

grows best at 50° - 60°C

grows best above 100°C

psycrophiles are commonly found in

thermophiles are usually found in

Most clinically significant bacteria are

requires oxygen for growth ; when oxygen is removed, microorganism dies

anaerobes but can still grow in the presence of oxygen

grow only in absence of oxygen ; die once exposed to small concentrations of oxygen ; grows on bottom of tube

aerobes but can still grow in absence of oxygen ; some grow on the subsurface until bottom of the tube

facultative anaerobes in aerobic conditions genrate energy by

process of utilization of carbohydrates without use of oxygen

requires oxygen to metabolize carbohydrates

exclusively anaerobic because they generate energy by fermentation

not killed by oxygen because they live by fermentation with or without oxygen

stricti fermenters ; not affected by oxygen ; growth is on the entire media

optimum growth in low ocygen concentration

requires atmospheric condition enriched with carbon dioxide

oxygen requirement of aerobes (%)

oxygen requierment of anaerobes (%)

oxygen requierment of microaerophiles (%)

oxygen requierment of capnophiles (%)

carbon dioxide requirement of aerobes (%)

carbon dioxide requirement of anaerobes (%)

carbon dioxide requirement of microaerophiles (%)

carbon dioxide requirement of capnophiles (%)

most common type of incubation performed in the laboratory

Uses aerobic incubator

Incubation has different processes for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

Most of the pathogenic bacteria are mesophilic and they require how many % of CO2

Specimens for culturing of anaerobes may be processed inside the biological safety cabinet

tools in the laboratory that can provide an anaerobic environment for anaerobic and capnophilic incubation

reagent released: carbon dioxide, hydrogen

reagent released: carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen

Inclusions of GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR

in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR, this generates CO2 and Hydrogen upon water
addition or by the moisture produced on the agar plates

in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR, this forms water by combining the Hydrogen and Oxygen inside the Jar and turn it into water

in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR, this is impregnated either with Methylene blue or resazurin to indicate anaerobiosis

what is the indicator strip impregnated with in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR

color change of indicator strip in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR impregnated with methylene blue if oxygen is present

color change of indicator strip in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR impregnated with methylene blue if oxygen is absent

color change of indicator strip in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR impregnated with resazurin if oxygen is present

color change of indicator strip in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak JAR impregnated with resazurin if oxygen is absent

Useful for laboratories processing small numbers of anaerobic specimens

A pouch in a GasPak SYSTEM: GasPak POUCH can be used to incubate how many plates

Anaerobic jars with loosely fitted lids attached by rubber tubing to nitrogen gas

It is used as a keeper of inoculated plates with pending incubation to minimize oxygen exposure

Made of molded or flexible clear plastic ; The latter is the most common type

Specimens and other materials are placed inside the chamber through an air lock

in anaerobic chamber (glove box) incubation, all work, from inoculation through workup, is performed inside a chamber by just inserting your hand in a gloves or sleeves that are attached in the chamber

this type incubation uses a Candle Jar

in microaerophilic incubation using a candle jar, the candle in the jar will burn and will consume [ ] inside reducing the [ ] level

Most cultures require how many days of incubation

anaerobic cultures require longer incubation times

Mycobacteria rapid growers incubation time

Mycobacteria slow growers incubation time

After incubation, inoculated agar plates will demonstrate colonies of bacteria on its surface.

colony size >1mm

colony size 1-5mm

colony size 5-10mm

used to describe the edge of the colony

determined by tilting the culture plate and looking at the side of the colony

to see the differences in the density of colonies, it is useful to look through the colony while using

performed through transillumination by subjecting it to a light source

based on appearance, similar to consistency ; by touching using an inoculating loop

what is the texture of the colony if the needle can pass through but colony will not stick

what is the texture of the colony if it sticks to the loop

what is the texture of the colony if it is mucus like

colony odor: old sock

colony odor: frutiyrapelike

colony odor: putrid

colony odor: mousy

colony odor: fresh plowed field

colony odor: non fermenter with grapelike odor in cetrimide

used to describe a particular genus in general

determined by touching the colony with a sterile loop

colony consistency: brittle

colony consistency: creamy (butyrous)

colony consistency: dry

an inherent characteristic of a specific organism confined generally to the colony, although some of these will diffuse through the culture medium

colony pigment: green

colony pigment: Brick Red

colony pigment: blue

colony pigment: purple

colony pigment: brown black

what kind of hemolysis involves greenish discoloration that surrounds the colony

what kind of hemolysis involves clearing of the agar around the colony

what kind of hemolysis wherein color around colony does not change ; no hemolysis

growth in agar slant: continuous threadlike growth with smooth edges

growth in agar slant: continuous threadlike with irregular edges

growth in agar slant: blob or string of pearls ; droplet colonies

growth in agar slant: thin spreading growth pattern

growth in agar slant: tree like

growth in agar slant: root like

how do you inoculate in a butt medium

how do you inoculate on a slant agar

how do you inoculate on/in a butt slant medium

forms are observed only if we do a line streak instead of a zigzag streak

line streak growth: within line of streak

line streak growth: fills whole medium

line streak growth: thick branches

line streak growth: thin branches

growth on butt agar (liquefaction): saucer shaped at liquid surface

growth on butt agar (liquefaction): funnel shaped

growth on butt agar (liquefaction): tubular shaped, elongated

growth on butt agar (liquefaction): complete liquefaction of upper half

used to determine if bacteria is a gas former

growth on butt agar (liquefaction): inverted flask shaped

growth on liquid mediaroth: thicker on the side

growth on liquid mediaroth: flaky appearance

growth on liquid mediaroth: granules present

growth on liquid mediaroth: found at the bottom of the tube, usually for storage of bacteria or controls

in the GasPak method, within how many minutes will the lid over the catalyst become warm and visible mist or fog will appear on the inner wall