Flashcard decks

Theories in Abnormal Psychology

15 flashcardsby AdUvert
Study these flashcardsFree · spaced repetition · iPhone, Android, Mac & web

All cards

1
Which model posits that psychological disorders are the product of social interactions and relational dynamics?
  • Biological models
  • Cognitive-behavioral models
  • Humanistic models
  • Social-relational models
2
In terms of genetics, what does the term 'epigenetics' refer to?
  • The study of hereditary diseases only.
  • The genetic structure itself being changed permanently.
  • Changes in gene expression caused by environmental influences.
  • Static changes in brain chemistry.
3
How do biological models of psychology primarily explain psychological disorders?
  • By examining genetic and neurobiological factors affecting behavior.
  • Focusing solely on environmental conditioning.
  • By criticizing societal influences on behavior.
  • Through the evaluation of childhood experiences exclusively.
4
Anxiety and depression among immigrants often stem from what kind of stress?
  • Acculturative stress from adapting to a new culture and environment.
  • Challenging family dynamics unrelated to relocation.
  • Genetic predisposition without environmental influence.
  • Low intelligence levels affecting their response to new environments
5
The multipath model in understanding psychological disorders emphasizes the influence of which of the following?
  • Multiple factors from different theoretical perspectives.
  • The individual's environment exclusively.
  • Only biological factors
  • Cognitive-behavioral approaches alone.
6
What key factor contributes to the development of learned helplessness according to behavioral theories?
  • Positive reinforcement in learning.
  • Observational learning from successful models.
  • Repeated exposure to uncontrollable stressors.
  • Option D
    Active coping strategies.
7
In the context of genetic contributions to psychological disorders, the diathesis-stress model suggests that:
  • All traits are purely environmentally determined.
  • Genetics solely determine the likelihood of developing disorders.
  • Inherited vulnerabilities interact with environmental stressors to trigger disorders.
  • Stressors are irrelevant in the onset of mental illnesses.
8
How does cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) conceptualize the source of psychological problems?
  • Negative thought patterns contribute to emotional and behavioral issues.
  • Societal influences are the primary causes of disorders.
  • Problems arise only from past traumatic events.
  • Option D
    Psychological problems are solely biological in nature.
9
What is one of the roles of neurotransmitters in the brain?
  • They facilitate communication between neurons.
  • They solely determine personality traits.
  • They eliminate emotional responses.
  • None of the above
10
In which way can socioeconomic status impact mental health?
  • Lower socioeconomic status is linked to higher rates of depression and anxiety.
  • Socioeconomic status has no correlation with psychological wellness.
  • Mental health issues are only related to genetic factors.
  • Higher socioeconomic status guarantees better mental health outcomes.
11
Which age group did the study by Caspi et al. specifically examine in relation to the 5-HTT gene and major depressive disorder?
  • Adults aged 30 to 50.
  • Elderly individuals over 65.
  • Individuals from age 3 to 26.
  • Teenagers aged 13 to 19.
12
Which statement characterizes the humanistic-existential perspective on psychological health?
  • It focuses solely on the biological underpinnings of behavior.
  • It emphasizes individual self-actualization and personal responsibility.
  • It treats all mental disorders with the same therapeutic approach.
  • It rejects the importance of personal responsibility.
13
What type of learning does Albert Bandura's theory emphasize as a mechanism for acquiring new behaviors?
  • Classical conditioning
  • Insight learning
  • Observational learning
  • Operant conditioning
14
Which perspective focuses on childhood trauma and unconscious conflicts as core to understanding psychological disorders?
  • Psychodynamic perspective
  • Humanistic perspective
  • Cognitive-behavioral perspective
  • Biological perspective
15
The concept of prepared learning suggests that humans are predisposed to fear certain stimuli due to:
  • Cultural conditioning.
  • Evolutionary survival mechanisms.
  • Random learning experiences.
  • Social influences alone
Study all 15 cards for free