Pysch test 3

consistent, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

only tip is onscious, subconscious is part below it, everything else is unconscious

unconscious is powerful/early childhood (freud, horney, jung)

life instincts - self preservation
death instincts - opposite of life instincts
Personality components - id, pleasure principle, ego, reality principle, super ego
psychosexual stages - oral stage, anal stage, anal fixations (retentive, explosive), importance of potty training
Phallic stage - oedipus complex, castration anxiety, electra complex, penis envy
latency stage
genital stage
Defense mechanisms- sublimation, regression, reaction formation, displacement, identification

devil on shoulder, works on pleasure principle (do what you want)

balance between id and super ego, reality principle (compromise between pleasure and reality)

conscience, tells you to do what's right

strong sex drive from moment of birth

strong desire to put things in mouth to burn libido, fixation - may become narcissitic later if too much gratification

retentive - keep poop in for sexual gratification = organized
explosive - poop a lot for sexual gratificatoin - laidback, messy

strict potty = retetive, lax potty = explosive

Oedipus complex - unconsciously attracted to mother, jealousy towards father, castration anxiety - fear that genitals will be damaged bc of oedipus complex
Electra complex - unconsciously attracted towards father, jealousy towards mother
Fixation (didn't resolve oedipus/electra)
boys - become egotistical and treat women bad
girls - become promiscuous (risky, random sex)

libido is put on hold

masturbation

Sublimation - take stress out on something that didn't cause it but in a socially acceptable way
Regression - act like a child when stressed
Reaction formation - uknowingly act the opposite of how you truly feel
Projection - sees their faults in somebody else but can't see it in themselves
Displacement - take stress out on something that didn't cause it but in a socially unacceptable way

2 different forms of unconscious
Collective unconcsious
archetypes
Persona, Shadow
introversion, extroversion

unaware part of the mind containing memories and impulses common to mankind as a whole and originating in the inherited structure of the brain (ancestral)

true self

disagreed with importance of sex
anxiety main force behind personality (personality develops based on how you deal with stress)
Neurotic trends (compliant, avoidant, agressive)

compliant - go with whatever they're told to do
avoidant - runs away from problems
agressive - breaks under stress, lashes out, yelling

conscious centered (rogers, maslow)

human behavior is normally rational (when emotion is involved, rationality goes away)
problems arise when self-concept is in jeopardy
Incongruence
Defense mechanisms - distortion, denial
need to view people with unconditional positive regard
Phenominological vantage point

who you think you are doesn't match up with who you think you should be

distortion - make excuses for not being who you think you should be
denial - thinking you don't have problems with yourself

no matter what people do, they're still inherently good

we need compsny to better understand why people do what they do

Grumble theory - never satisfied in life/with accomplishments
hierarchy of needs = phisiological needs - safety needs - love and belonging - esteem needs - self actualization (doing the best you can at everything you do)
learning model - we are the way we are due to consequences

Primary ref - necessary to life (food)
secondary ref - everything else used as reward (money)
Positive ref - something wanted is given
negative ref - something not wanted is taken away
Pos punishment - given something not wanted
neg punishment - something good is taken away
ratio = # of times something is done
interval = time

Trust vs mistrust (birth-1) - if child doesn't have needs met, they won't trust caregiver
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (2-3) - develop some independence, master simple motor skills
Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5) - take on new challenges or else guilt, parental encouragement needed
industry vs. inferiority (6-13) - needs complishment to feel good
Identity vs. role confusion (adolescence) - become intimate with others romantically, must be successful at five other stages to reach this
Generativity vs. stagnation (middle age) - must feel useful to society
Integrity vs. Despair (old age) - most look back on life and feel good

observational learning (modeling)
vicarious learning
role of self efficacy
expectancies
locus of control (internal, external)

observtional - learn through watching others
Vicarious - learn from the experiences of others

higher self effiacy = will accomplish more tasks (belief in individuals ability to accomplish certain goals)

If you expect to be rewarded/punished for a behavior you see done, you are more/less likely to do/not do it

Internal - feel that you are in control of what happens to you (work harder)
external - feel that outside factors dictate what happens to you

body type theory - body types correlate with personality traits
somatypes - endomorph (fat), mesomorph (muscles), ectomorph (skinny)

predisposition for certain type of personality (genetics)
we learn certain personality traits
social influences must be present to bring out certain traits

means by which we can measure a individuals personality (interval) - intervention, observation

MMPT - minnesota multiphasal personality test
Cattels 6PF - lots of categories of traits, shortened version of mmpi

Rorschach ink blot test - say what you see from ink blot
TAT - apperception test, where the assessor will show imags of a person and there's something going on and the assessee will have to describe what's going on
Drawing test - extremely reliable, done with young kids