Quiz 1 Sir Bance

This is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular
area. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day,
month-to-month or even year-to-year. A region’s weather
patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered...

Different parts of the world have different climates. Some parts
of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. Others are cold
and snow-covered most of the year. Between the icy poles and
the steamy tropics are many other climates that contribute to
Earth’s biodiversity and geologic heritage.

Divides Earth's climates into five main climate groups, with each
group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and
temperature.

This is the most widely used climate
classification scheme.

The Köppen Climate Classification was first published by German-Russian
climatologist ________ in ____, with several later
modifications by him, notably in ____ and ____.

German climatologist ________ introduced some changes to the classification system in ____ and ____, which is thus sometimes called the ________ climate classification.

What are the five Köppen Climate Classification?

These are defined by a monthly average temperature of 18
°C (64 °F) or higher in the coolest month, featuring hot temperatures
and high humidity all year-round.
Annual precipitation is often abundant in these climates, and shows
a seasonal rhythm but may have seasonal dryness to varying degrees.
There are normally only two seasons in these climates, a wet
(rainy/monsoon) season and a dry season. The annual temperature
range in tropical climates is normally very small. Sunlight is intense in
these climates.

What is the monthly average temperature of Tropical Climate?

Three basic types of tropical climates within
the tropical climate group

A tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. This climate is typically hot, very humid, and wet with no dry season. The difference in temperature between day and night may be larger than the average change in temperature during the year.

These have monthly mean temperatures above 18 °C (64°F) in every month of the year and a dry season. This tends to either have more rainfall than a tropical savanna climate or have less pronounced dry seasons. The major controlling factor over this is its relationship to the monsoon circulation.

This climate tends to either see less overall rainfall than a tropical monsoon climate or have more pronounced dry season(s). In these climates, the dry season can become severe, and often drought conditions prevail during the course of the year. These climates often feature tree-studded grasslands due to its dryness, rather than thick jungle.

This climate's precipitation is low

One of the driest places on Earth is the ________, on the west coast of South America. Stretches of the ____ may have never received rain in recorded history.

Most arid climates receive ____ centimeters (four to 12 inches) of rain each year

Two types of dry climates

The ______ is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation.

Covering ___ of Earth's land area, _____ are the second-most common type of climate on Earth after the Polar climate.

Two variations of a desert climate

A _____ is a dry climate sub-type. It is located in regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate.

Two types of Semi-arid climate

The ______ of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout the year and more distinct seasonal changes compared to tropical climates, where such variations are often small; they usually differ only in the amount of precipitation.

The temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately __ to ___ N/S of the Equator), which span between the ____ and the _____ of Earth.

These climates have an average temperature above 10 °C (50 °F) in
their warmest months, and the coldest month average below 0 °C (32
°F) (or −3 °C (26.6 °F), as noted previously). These usually occur in the
interiors of continents and on their upper east coasts, normally north
of 40°N. In the Southern Hemisphere, group D climates are extremely
rare due to the smaller land masses in the middle latitudes and the
almost complete absence of land at 40–60°S, existing only in some
highland locations.

The two _____ types, tundra and ice cap, lie within the Arctic and
Antarctic Circles near the North and South Poles.

This climate's summers are short, but plants and animals are plentiful. Temperatures can average as high as 10° Celsius (50° Fahrenheit) in July. Wildflowers dot the landscape, and flocks of migratory birds feed on insects and fish. Whales feed on microscopic creatures in the region’s cold, nutrient-rich waters. People have adapted to life on the tundra for thousands of years.

Few organisms survive in the ____ climates of the Arctic and Antarctic.
Temperatures rarely rise above freezing, even in summer. The ever-present ice helps keep the weather cold by reflecting most of the Sun’s energy back into the atmosphere. Skies are mostly clear and precipitation is low. In fact,
Antarctica, covered by an ice cap 1.6-kilometers (one-mile) thick, is one of the largest, driest deserts on Earth.

What are the five major components of a climate system?

layers of gases surrounding a planet or other
celestial body

all the Earth's water in the ground, on the surface,
and in the air

icy part of the Earth's water including icebergs,
glaciers, and ice caps

Shape of the land

the global ecological system encompassing all regions
of the Earth where life exists

The 8 climate features

degree of hotness and coldness

The force exerted by the weight of the Earth's atmosphere

any liquid or solid water particle that falls from the atmosphere and reaches the ground

degree of moisture or wetness in the atmosphere

Natural movement of air/wind

refers to the fraction of the sky obscured by clouds on average when observed from a particular location

period of clear sunshine

electromagnetic energy emitted by the Sun