1Anatomy
the study of the structure of the human body
2Physiology
the study of the functions of the human body
3What is atomical position?
Face-forward with palms up
4What is supine?
flat on back
5What is prone?
flat on stomach
6Face half
anterior, cranial, or cephalic
7Butt half
posterior or caudal
12Closer to the midline
medial
13Further from the midline
lateral
14Close to the point of attachment
proximal
15Further from the point of attachment
distal
16Close to the surface
superficial
17Away from the surface
deep
18What plane cuts the body into front and back sections?
frontal
19What plane cuts the body into even right and left sections?
sagittal
20What plane cuts the body into uneven right and left sections?
parasagittal
21What plane cuts the body into top and bottom sections?
transverse
22What plane cuts the body into angled sections?
oblique
23What are the five major body regions?
Head and neck, upper limb, trunk, lower limb, abdominal
24List and identify the seven sections of the head and neck
frontal, orbital, nasal, buccal, oral, cervical, occipital
25List and identify the seven sections of the upper limb
acromial, deltoid, brachial, antecubital, olecranal, antebrachial, carpal
26List and identify the seven sections of the trunk
sternal, axillary, scapular, vertebral, lumbar, sacral, gluteal
27List and identify the eleven sections of the lower limb
coxal, femoral, patellar, popliteal, crural, sural, fibular, tarsal, calceneal, digital, plantar
28List and identify the four sections of the abdomen
umbilical, pelvic, inguinal, pubic
29What are the two main body cavities?
dorsal and ventral
30What are the two sections of the dorsal cavity?
cranial and vertebral
31What are the two sections of the ventral cavity?
thoracic and abdominopelvic
32What are the three sections of the thoracic cavity?
mediastinum (heart) and two pleural (lungs)
33What are the two sections of the abdominopelvic cavity?
abdominal and pelvic
34What organs are held in the abdominal cavity?
liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, kidneys, intestines
35What organs are held in the pelvic cavity?
internal reproductive organs, parts of the large intestine, rectum, and bladder
36What are the nine sections of theabdomen?
right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
37What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
the diaphragm
38Where is epithelial tissue found?
lining internal and external surfaces and forming secretary glands
39What is the purpose of epithelial tissue?
protection, selective barrier, and forming secretory surfaces
40What are the three types of layers of epithelial tissue?
simple, stratified, and pseudostratified
41What are the three shapes of epithelial tissue?
squamous, cuboidal, and columnar
42What is simple epithelial tissue?
one-layered
43What is stratified epithelial tissue?
2-30 layers
44What is pseudostratified epithelial tissue?
one layer that appears stratified with uneven nuclei
45What is squamous epithelial tissue?
flat cells with a bump for the nucleus
46What is cuboidal epithelial tissue?
cube-like with even nuclei
47What is columnar epithelial tissue?
long and rectangular with even nuclei
48What are the four types of tissue?
epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
49What are the three sides of epithelial cells?
apical is the exposed surface, lateral are the sides, and basal is the bottom
50How does epithelial tissue attach to the connective tissue?
interlocking proteins attach the basal side of the cell to the extracellular matrix, forming the basement membrane
51Where do epithelial tissues receive their nutrient supply from?
the tissues are avascular, so the connective tissue below provides them with nutrients and waste removal
52Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of simple squamous tissue
single row of thin cells with bumps for nuclei
quickly diffuse or transport substances
alveoli in lungs
53Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of simple cuboidal tissue
single row of square cells with even nuclei
secretion of substances
make up glands
54Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of simple columnar tissue
single row of tall, rectangular cells with even nuclei
contain goblet cells that secrete mucus for protection/have microvilli that aid in absorbing nutrients during digestion
line the digestive tract
55Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of pseudostratified columnar tissue
appears stratified, uneven nuclei
apical side has cilia that aid in transporting mucus
found in the respiratory tract
56Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of thick and thin keratinized stratified squamous tissue
five stacked layers of squamous cells with a white band near the surface
create a liquid-proof barrier
thick found on the palms of hands and soles of feet, thin everywhere else
(thick tissue doesn't have hair follicles so they don't secrete oils)
57Describe the appearance, purpose, and location of non-keratinized stratified squamous tissue
four layers of squamous cells, no white band, nuclei found all the way through