CHM 162: Organic Chemistry and Atomic Structure
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1
define organic chemistry
it is the Chemistry of compounds found in living organisms
2
state the diameter of the nucleus
10to power-14 TO 10topower-15 metres in diameter
3
electrons circulate around the nucleus at a distance of?
of approximately 10topower-10metres
4
the diameter of a typical atom is about
2 X10topower-10metres OR 200 picometres
5
define an element's atomic mass or atomic weight
this is the weighted average mass in atomic mass units of an element's naturally occuring isotopes
6
define ORBITAL or WAVE FUNCTION in 2 ways
describes the volume of space around a nucleus that an electron is most likely to occupy
OR
represents the space where an electron spends most of its time
OR
represents the space where an electron spends most of its time
7
name the 4 different kinds of orbitals
s, p, d, f
8
describe the shapes of the orbitals (4)
s orbital- spherical, with nucleus at its center
p orbital-dumb bell shaped
four of the five d orbitals are cloverleaf shaped
fifth d orbital is shaped like an elongated dumbbell
p orbital-dumb bell shaped
four of the five d orbitals are cloverleaf shaped
fifth d orbital is shaped like an elongated dumbbell
9
the 2 lobes of each p orbital are separated by a region of zero electron density called?
a NODE
10
name the afbau principle
a rule that states that "THE LOWEST ENERGY ORBITALS FILL UP 1ST, ACCORDING TO THE ORDER 1S TO 2S TO 2P TO 3S TO 3P TO 4S TO 3D TO....."
11
name the Pauli exclusion principle
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