CHEMICAL KINETICS AND EQUILIBRIUM

Is the study of reaction rates and the mechanism or step sequence under which reactions occur.

Is the discipline that is concerned with the mechanism by which a chemical process gets to its final state from its initial state and the rate in which this reaction proceeds.

Study the rate of chemical change and the way this rate is influenced by factors.

Measured in terms of products formed/ lost per unit time at a given temperature

Is the amount of chemical change, which takes in given interval of time.

Few chemical reactions occur in a single step. There are usually one or more intermediate products, which form and the stepwise sequence of reactions is known as the reaction mechanism

A chemical change takes place as a result of collision of molecules. The greater the number of collision per unit ti me, the greater the conversion of initial susbstances into products per unit time that is, the greater the speed of reaction.

Not all collisions of molecules necessarily result in chemical change.

Requirements for Molecular Collision

Substances differ in activity and hence in the speed with which they react with other substances.

The active metals displace hydrogen vigorously and rapidly from acids.

Why do metals differ in their rates of corrosion?

Reacting molecules or atoms must collide before they can react

molecules or atoms move faster and come in contact more often (at gaseous state)

In general, the speed of a chemical change or tripled for every () increase in temperature regardless of whether the reactions is exothermic or endothermic

Is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.

Should the catalyst be recovered unchanged at the conclusion of the process?

Positive Catalyst

Negative Catalyst

States that the speed of a chemical change is proportional to the concentration of the reacting substances.