Module 9 Test

An organism that feeds on dead matter

Naming an organism with its genus and species name.

An organism that causes disease

the science dealing with the description, identification, naming, and classification of organisms.

a virus invades a host cell, hijacks the host cell's DNA replication system, makes copies of itself, and causes the cell to burst releasing more viruses

A virus enters a cell, embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell, and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

live in oxygen-free environments. They obtain energy from hydrogen and carbon dioxide and give off methane gas as a by-product.

"salt-loving" archaea that live in environments that have very high salt concentrations

Archaea that thrive in very hot environments, such as volcanic springs.

Domain of single-celled prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycan; shapes: coccus (round), bacillus (rod-shaped), or spirillum (spiral-shaped)

Cell shape, cell wall structure, and method of movement

A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size

attachment structures on the surface of some prokaryotes for grasping

Appendages that allow bacteria to attach to each other and to transfer DNA

A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move

A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms

type of bacteria that stain red with Gram stain and have a thin cell wall with an outer membrane

stain blue-purple

A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer.

The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell.

The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another.

The use of organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems.

A non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics: (1) It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat. (2) It cannot reproduce on its own.

a weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies that aid in destroying the pathogen