Nursing History: Florence Nightingale

women typically did not work outside of the home.

Crimean war (1854-1856)

American Nursing Association (ANA)

Sigma Theta Tau

known for improving conditions for the mentally ill.

America's first trained nurse. She also created the first individual patient record and helped with process improvement

Lillian Wald, Mary Brewster, and Lavinia Dock

Henry Street Settlement

First professional black nurse

Nurse educator and first professor in nursing

Founder of the American Red Cross. She helped POWs reunite with their families and worked to improve hospitals on the battlefield during the Civil War.

A doctor working in the obstetrical ward of Vienna general hospital and tried to institute a strict hand washing policy with chlorinated lime water to reduce the number of deaths due to childbed fever

no he was largely ignored, rejected, and ridiculed (he was dismissed from the hospital and harassed by the medical community with forced him to move to Budapest)

yes (especially during the crusade times and the medieval era when health was strongly believed to be influenced by religion)

Activist of Women's health-left nursing to devote her life to educating women about birth control, specifically unwanted pregnancies to reduce the number of abortions. Founded organization that later became planned parenthood.

autonomy, responsibility, and accountability

Nurses should speak up to advocate for their role in the community, they should be independent but also recognize interdependence, and they should share responsibility and accountability and handle conflict in a positive way. Contribute to strong healthcare team!

When you concentrate/comprehend, respond and retain what is being taught.

classroom or content-focused lecture

Applying the information you learned to real life situations

Learning something and committing it to memory. being able to retrieve that info at any time.

Nursing is more demanding and complex. The content relies on previous courses and builds on subsequent ones.

helps increase confidence and decrease risks (The sim lab is a safe environment for practicing and making nursing decisions but with faculty guidance and support)

time management and organization (also study skills)

when someone who has been educated with one view of nursing encounters a different view of nursing in the practical setting

provider of care
educator
counselor
manager
researcher
collaborator
change agent
entrepreneur
patient advocate
leader

What nurses "do"- give meds, follow doctors orders, promoting health and preventing illness and injury

Nurses work in knowledge-intense areas. They realize change is inevitable but it is also a good thing. It is an opportunity to learn.

purposeful, informed, outcome focused thinking that requires careful identification of key problems, issues, and risks

collaboration
coordination
critical thinking

Physically taking care of the patient. Do not let technology get in the way of caring for your patient.

the behavior and performance a student is expected to demonstrate (an expected measurable level for nursing performance that integrates knowledge, skills, abilities, and judgments based on established scientific knowledge and expectations for nursing practice)

provide patient-centered care
work in interdisciplinary/interprofessional teams
employ evidenced based practice
apply quality improvement
utilize informatics

People with distinct disciplinary training working together for a common purpose, as they make different contributions to patient-focused care. Main goal is to reduce fragmentation of care which drives up cost of care and decreases the quality.

the transfer of responsibility to complete a task from one person to another

right task
right circumstance
right person
right direction/communication
right supervision

Working together to accomplish a common goal. Decisions are developed together for a win/win solution.

Effective teams: good communication, responsible to participate actively, timely, solve conflicts.
Effective team leader: collaborate, coordinate, delegate, provide feedback, resolve conflict, develop plan

working to see that the pieces and activities fit together and flow as they should to meet desired patient outcome.

failure to understand other team members roles and responsibilities ,
lack of clear plan of care ,
limited leadership, overwork, ineffective communication, competition among members

Anxiety and stress, interruptions, fatigue, anger, confusing, lack of self esteem, overwork, hunger

how the organization is configured

how the organization functions and how the work gets done

it's a top down vertical structure. the management is removed (higher level), very impersonal (no open door policy)

nursing

provide care to patients who have a variety of respiratory problems, go the patients bedside, or work solely in intensive care. they respond to codes when patients experience cardiac or respiratory arrests

backbones of acute care. work in many different departments/positions

provide services to patients with rehabilitation needs.

work with patients to help resolve dietary nutritional needs

A generalist who coordinates the patients care serving as primary care provider while patient is in the hospital. Yes, usually an MD has this job, but some APRNs and CNSs hold this position.

Hospitals that serve populations with limited or no resources to pay for the services. Yes, because most of their patients have inadequate or no reimbursement.
What are insurance deductibles?
Copayments?
Coinsurance?

Insurance deductibles: part of bill the patient must pay before the insurer will pay for services.
Copayment: Fixed amount patient may be required to pay per service.
Coinsurance: when patient pays share of payment.
Annual limits: defined max amount that patient would have to pay and then they would no longer have to contribute to paying the bill.

No

Medicaid: provides health coverage to low income. federal and state funded.
Medicare: provides health coverage to 65 yrs or older, or disabled. federal funded.

respect, and care for patient differences, values, preferences, and needs; shared decision making and continuous promotion if disease prevention and wellness

Examines disparities in healthcare

Yes, found that in some instances there is inequality between minorities and non minorities
Discrimination at the patient provider level

Yes

The nurses ability to assess patient problems or needs and analyze data to accurately identify and frame problems within the context of the individual patients environment

Recognizing and Respecting patient rights and values. ensuring that the patient has the education to understand treatment and care needs Whether you agree with decision or not, you still respect the patient

Ability to apply, analyze, and synthesize knowledge. includes both conscious decision making and intuitive response

Ability of nurses or providers to to communicate medical terms to patient/family in a way they understand. includes reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, listening and speaking abilities, conceptual knowledge.

National council of state boards of nursing

Nurses responsibility. Red flags include, self disclosure of own personal info to patient, secretive behavior, "super nurse" behavior, special treatment, selective communication, failure to protect the patient

Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

evidence based medicine, thorough patient history and assessment, including the PATIENT AND THIER VALUES/PREFERENCES.

Patients rights! reviews research before it is conducted to ensure that the study is conducted ethically

designed to broaden the base of knowledge rather than solve an immediate problem

designed to find a solution to a practical problem
when evaluating information and literature for writing nursing papers and making clinical decisions...
are blogs ad informal internet sources permissible?
should newspapers and magazine articles in popular press be used?

no
no
yes

Cochrane systematic review

title page
abstract
body of text
reference
appendices
tables
figures

enclosed with double quotation marks ""and period after quotation marks.

displayed a double spaced block, indented five spaces from the left, with no quotation marks

page number
running head for publication
title of the manuscript
byline or authors name
institutional affiliation

Specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data and knowledge in nursing practice.

Lead to safe, quality care. Nurses need to take active role with information and coordination of care.

Record for patient care. Should be accurate, consistent, and relevant.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Focuses on issue of information and confidentiality. Requires that only necessary information be shared among providers, including insurancers. Patient has right to access their medical records.