1What is the cosine of an angle equal to in terms of its complementary angle?
The sine of an angle equal to 90^\circ minus the angle
2How is probable error defined in measurements?
The limits between which the true error has a 50-50 chance of falling
3How is chromatic aberration of a telescope lens system best reduced?
By using crows and flint glass lenses
4What is a pantograph used for in drafting and surveying?
To enlarge or reduce the scale of a drawing
5What is the primary purpose of using the method of least squares in surveying?
For adjusting triangulation nets
6Which of the standard trigonometric and angular unit relationships is correct?
None of these
7What is the primary historical use of the Gunter's or Surveyor's chain?
As the unit of measure for Surveys of the Public Lands
8When measuring with a steel tape over rough or sloping ground by holding it horizontally, what causes the greatest error?
Holding the tape out of level
9Which end of the steel tape should the head chainman have ahead during measurement?
The end ahead which is best adapted to the procedure
10What is an important step for chainmen at the very beginning of a steel tape survey?
To note the exact location of the zero and 100 ft. marks
11What is the usual manner of supporting a steel tape under general conditions?
Supported at ends and center
12How should the head chainman stand to prosecute work rapidly and accurately?
So as to face the tape and off the line of sight
13How is a "station" defined when used in measuring linear distances?
As a point at a multiple of a full tape length established by continuous chaining
14In its broadest sense, what is a "station" in connection with distance?
Any point on a line set by continuous chaining from a point of beginning
15Why must corrections be applied when precision greater than 1/10,000 is required with a steel tape?
Because the tape is seldom used under conditions for which it was standardized
16What causes the most serious errors in ordinary taping?
Holding one end of the tape too high or too low and not making the slope correction
17What is a level surface used as a reference for measuring vertical distances called?
A datum plane
18In what aspect does profile leveling differ from differential leveling?
In the number of foresights
19In what aspect are profile leveling and differential leveling alike?
In principle
20What does the term "backsight" mean in leveling?
A rod reading on a point whose elevation is known