DC Biology Chapter 1-3 Lecture Test

an orthopedic doctor proposes that organic calcium is an effective mineral against bone density loss. the doctor studies bone density loss in a population of people who live in a farming community known for consuming fresh cow's milk. the doctor discovers that residents who consume one or more cups of fresh cow's milk daily have greater bone density than those who do not.
what is the independent variable in this study?

an orthopedic doctor proposes that organic calcium is an effective mineral against bone density loss. the doctor studies bone density loss in a population of people who live in a farming community known for consuming fresh cow's milk. the doctor discovers that residents who consume one or more cups of fresh cow's milk daily have greater bone density than those who do not.
what is the dependent variable in this study?

an orthopedic doctor proposes that organic calcium is an effective mineral against bone density loss. the doctor studies bone density loss in a population of people who live in a farming community known for consuming fresh cow's milk. the doctor discovers that residents who consume one or more cups of fresh cow's milk daily have greater bone density than those who do not.
which of the following would be the best control group for this study?

although a car is not alive, it shares which fundamental property of life?
reproduction
cellular organization
heredity
homeostasis
energy utilization

a student conducted an experiment to determine if listening to different types of music would affect pulse rate. she thought that pulse rate would change with different types of music. each person participating in her experiment listened to seven different selection of music for 30 seconds each. the pulse rates were taken after each 30-second interval of music. based on her experiment. the student concluded that a person's pulse rate changed when listening to different types of music.
the component missing from this experiment is a...
endependent variable
hypothesis
dependent variable
control group

a wooden podium in the front of a classroom was once a living tree, but after being harvested, its tissues died. now it only exhibits which of the following properties of life?

while you are exercising at the gym, you begin to sweat profusely. you know that sweating is your body's attempt to regulate your body's temperature and therefore is an example of which type of mechanism?
evolution
energy utilization
sensitivity
homeostasis

a scientist hypothesizes that an increase in dissolved salt will affect the melting point of ice. to test this question, she sets up 2 groups. in the 1st group, she adds salt to a container of water, referring to this set up as the variable, in the 2nd container, the scientist did not add any salt to it, referring to this set up as the control. she then freezes both containers and allows them to melt, observing and documenting the melting point of each set up.
would this be a valid experiment?
no because there is not more than one variable
yes because there is one variable and a control
yes because there is more than one variable
no because there is one variable and a control

which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about cells?
all living things consist of cells
all organisms are made up of more than one cell
cells arise from other cells though the process of cell division
cells carry genetic material passed to daughter cells during cellular respiration

plants are supplemented by fertilizer on a tomato farm to determine the optimal growth rate of tomatoes. some are fertilized with specially mixed compounds containing nitrogen and magnesium. others are fertilized with a store-bought fertilizer, while others are not given a supplemental fertilizer at all. all tomato plants are the same species of plant and are given the same amounts of water and sunlight. the growth rates of all tomatoes are recorded over the course of 180 days for further analysis. this is an example of...

based on hierarchical levels of biological organization, which represents the broadest level?
polar bears, seals, beluga whales, snowshoe hares
a herd of seals
a neuron
the arctic circle

the method of reasoning that uses the examination of specific cases to construct a general principle is known as
deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning
theoretical reasoning
experimental reasoning

if you were to design a long-term research study to determine why there were no babies born during the months of june, july, and august in russia, you would need to also examine a comparison population of humans in which births took place every month, the primary reason for including a comparison population within the design of this experiment would be to

scientists at the university of southern mississippi were trying to determine the cause of a mysterious epidemic affecting the tourists visiting the gulf of mexico. his proposal that injuries and deaths were caused by a type of flesh eating bacteria is an example of a hypothesis
true or false

in order for a hypothesis to be considered valid, it must be able to be
proven
tested
outlined
explained

a community warning siren sounded following the issue of a tornado warning for our area. a week later, while shopping in a neighboring town, a warning siren sounded following the issue of a tornado warning for the area. a month after that, while visiting a friend from out of state, a warning siren sounded following the issue of a tornado warning for her area. these events lead to you to conclude that warning sirens always sound following the issue of a tornado warning. the type of reasoning this represents is

bob is conducting a botany experiment. he decided to grow 3 groups of a corn seeds in a constant 97 degree F greenhouse with adequate moisture. one set of seeds is given fertilizer at all. this experiment is intended to test bob's hypothesis that fertilizer increases the growth of corn plants.
based on the experimental design, the independent variable is ____ and the dependent variable is ____

calcium bromide (CaBr2) is a hydrated salt formed with ionic bonds between one calcium ion and 2 bromide ions. calcium has 2 valence electrons in its outer shell and bromide has seven electrons in its outer shells. in this reaction, calcium is ____ and bromide is ____

an effective way to increase the rate of the reaction A+B --> C would be to
increase the temperature of the reaction
remove any catalysts
add more C
add more A and/or B

____ is one of the forces that aids water's upward movement in plants. the narrower the diameter of the tube, the farther the water column will rise, resulting in water molecules having an adhesive force, allowing them to attach to the vessel walls
cohesion
surface tension
capillary action
specific heat

carbonic acid (H2CO3), absorbs hydrogen ions from the blood, helping to prevent acidosis, in the blood, carbonic acid is considered
a base
a buffer
an acid
an enzyme
a catalyst

hydrogen-2, hydrogen-3, and hydrogen-4 are all examples of

matter is composes of

Br + e- --> Br- is an example of an oxidation reaction
true or false

chlorine has an atomic mass of 35 and an atomic number of 17. how many neutrons are present in an atom of oxygen?
17
52
18
there is not enough information available to answer this question

the common basilisk lizard can run across water on its hind legs when startled by predators. this is due to the surface tension created by hydrogen bonds between water molecules that are greater than the weight of the lizard as it runs across them
true of false

van der waals attractions are an important component of antibody recognition, where a substantial amount of atoms are in close proximity between the antibody and the antigen.
true of false

the pH of pure water is approximately 7 and the pH of seawater is approximately 8. when comparing the two water types, the H+ concentration of the seawater

which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom
neutrons
electrons
protons
ions
isotopes
molecules

when atoms become ions, they
become electronegative
gain or lose electrons
spontaneously bond to other ions
form an attraction between their protons, neutrons, and elections
become positively or negatively charged

water molecules are polar with ends that exhibit partial positive and negative charges. these opposite charges allow water molecules to attract each other through
electronegative bonds
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
covalent bonds

an atom has 12 electrons and 13 neutrons. its mass it
12
1
25
13

the octet rule predicts

when 2 atoms ____ a pair of electrons, the bonding is referred to as covalent bonding
transfer
gain
lose
share

because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, water molecules are ionic
true or false

below are descruptions of subatomic particles. choose the ones that best describe an electron
outside the nucleus
have almost no mass
no charge
negatively charged
positively charged
inside the nucleus

the atomic number of a given atom is

these biological compounds are nonpolar and insoluble in water

a dna molecule containing 32% thymine (t) would contain how much cytosine (c)?

the covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. this reaction is referred to as ____

relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl group, an amino group, a carbon group, and a hydrogen atom are called ____

macromolecules that are used by most organisms to store hereditary information are called ____

dna and rna contain functional units known as ____

proteins are polymers formed of structural units called ____

the simplest and the most common monosaccharide is a 6-carbon sugar called ____

3 fatty acids bonded together with a glycerol are found in a ____

the specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its ____

the nitrogenous base that is only found in dna and not in rna is ____

the nitrogenous base that is only found in rna and not in dna is ____

fructose and galactose both have 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms, just like glucose. a friend says: "since those sugars have the same # of atoms, they should have the same name." how would you answer?

proteins are created with ____

carbohydrates are composed of ____

enzymes function to ____

the types of bonds linking nucleotides in nucleic acids are ____

you arrive late to a bio seminar. however, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "amino end" and the "carboxyl end" of a macromolecule. immediately, you know they are talking about ____

you arrive late to a bio seminar. however, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "five-prime end" and the "three-prime end" of a macromolecule. immediately, you know they are talking about a ____

a bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer. it first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars. in what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?

which type of rna is used as a template for translation of proteins?

the function of chaperone proteins is to ____

main carbohydrate:
human storing energy in muscle cells

main carbohydrate:
potato storing energy in a tuber

main carbohydrate:
apple tree storing energy in fruit

main carbohydrate:
human blood sugar

match the following molecules with their function:
dna

match the following molecules with their function:
mRNA

match the following molecules with their function:
atp

match the following molecules with their function:
nad+ and fad

monosaccharides:

nucleotides:

fatty acids, glycerol:

amino acids: