1excessive acidity of body fluids
acidosis
2presence of bacteria in the urine
bacteriuria
3a solid mold of a renal tube found in the urine
cast
4painful/difficulty urinationdefi
dysuria
5presence of blood in the urine
hematuria
6collection of urine in the renal pelvis by obstruction
hydronephrosis
7deficiency of sodium in the blood
hyponatremia
8elimination of small amounts of urine
oliguria
9presence of protein (albumin) in urine
proteinuria
10presence of pus in urine
pyuria
11presence of toxic levels of urea and other nitrogenous substances in the blood as a result of renal insufficiency
uremia
12intravenous urography
IVP
13radiographic visualization of urinary tract
intravenous urography
14pyelography in which the contrast medium is injected into the kidneys from below
retrograde pyelography
15incision of organ to remove stone
lithotomy
16the hormone secreted by the adrenal gland, regulates electrolyte secretion
aldosterone
17the volume of plasma that kidneys can clear of substance per unit of time
clearance
18a nitrogenous byproduct of metabolism
creatinine
19muscle in bladder wall
detrusor muscle
20the maximum rate at which a given substance can be transported across the renal tubule
maximal transport capacity Tm
21lack of urination
anuresis
22lack of urine formation
anuria
23presence of increased nitrogenous waste in the blood
azotemia
24presence of increased nitrogenous compounds in the blood
azoturia
25excessive loss of body fluid
dehydration
26inadequate production of antidiuretic hormone, excessive excretion of dilate urine and extreme hirst
diabetes insipidus
27involuntary urination at night
enuresis