1how do pns antagonists function
competitive antagonists, selective for muscarinic receps! (dont work @ nico)
cause effects opposite of PNS activation
2anticholinergic effect on heart
tachycardia
3anticholinergic effect on vasculature
no fx; toxic doses can cause direct vasodilation
4anticholinergic effect on sm m
GIT/GUT: relax, dec secretion/motility
lung: bronchial relax, dec bronchial secretions
eyes: mydriatic, cylopegic
5anticholinergic effect on secretions
less secretion: dry mouth/skin
less gastric acid
less sweating (can be life threatening!)
6anticholinergic effect on CNS
agitation, delirium, confusion, elderly more susceptible
7anticholinergic/pns antagonist sfx
dry mouth
8symptoms of antimuscarinic toxicity
caused by ingestion of toxic plants or OD
feels hot from less sweating, no thermoregulation (most lethal)
9antimuscarinic toxicity tx
reversible cholinesterase inhibitors--physostigmine
10atropine
anticholinergic drug in deadly nightshade
bronchodilation
^ HR; blocks xs ACh from reducing HR
tx: preanesthetic, injected IV for life thr bradycardia, topical mydriatic, antidote for antiAChE poison
11glycopyrrolate
quaternary ammonium compound
no BBB no CNS
more selective at decreasing secretions vs. causing tachycardia
faster kinetics than atropine
12scopolamine
jimson weed and shrooms
strong CNS possible due to M rc subtype selectivity
produces: antiemetic (motion sick), amnesia, euphoria/stim, hallucination, dec secretions
tx: motion sickness or drug of abuse
13ipratropium
primary use in COPD as inhaler
14ipratropium alternative
B2 agonist