1Where is the thyroid located?
between the thyroid catilage and sternal notch
2What does the thyroid gland produce?
T3 (Triiodothyronine)
T4 (thyroxine)
calcitonin
3Where is the recurrent laryngeal nerve located?
lateral border
4Which hormone important to thyroid regulation is released from the hypothalamus?
TRH
5Where is thyroid stimulating hormone release?
anterior pituitary
6What is iodide?
the ion form of iodine
7What is iodine?
element found on the periodic table
8What is needed to make thyroid hormones?
iodide
9What is caused by abnormal hypothalamic/pituitary developlment which results in loss of normal TRH/TSH pathways?
central hypothyroidism
10What is the term for abnormal thyroid gland development?
dysgenesis
11What is the term for abnormal thyroid hormone synthesis or processing?
dyshormonogenesis
12What are the clinical manifestations of congenital hypothyroidism?
prolonged jaundice
feeding issues
hypotonia
enlarged tongue
delayed bone maturation
umbilical hernia
13Normal TSH excludes ____ hypothyroidism?
primary
14Lab values for primary hypothyroidism
TSH high
T4 is low
15Thyrotoxicosis is
the sate of excess thyroid hormone
16What causes toxicosis
graves disease
toxic multinodular goiter
toxic adenomas
17Graves disease is linked to which genetic factor?
monozygotic twins
18High active antiretroviral therapy or alemtuzumab is associated with causing?
graves disease
19Patients are at risk for which disease 3x during the post partum period?
graves disease
20What is graves disease caused by?
thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins
21Patient with Grave's disease will also have high levels of
thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin
22S/S of Grave's disease
hyperactivity
irritability
insomnia
impaired concentration
tremor
hyper-reflexia
23What is the most common cardiovascular manifestation of grave's disease?
tachycardia
24If a patient has new onset a-fib and they are over 50 what shoudl you suspect?
grave's disease
25What usually begins a year before thyrotoxicosis onset?
ophthalmopathy
26What lab values will you see with Grave's disease/hyperthyroidism?
TSH decreased
T4 increased
27What is the treatment options for grave's disease?
methimazole
propylthiouracil
28What is the first line treatment for graves?
methimazole
29When is propylthiouracil indicated?
patient in first trimester
thyroid storm
patient has documented reaction to methimazole
30s/s of thyroiditis
painful and enlarged thyroid with radiation to the ear
maybe fever
malaise and URI syptoms (sore throat)
31What is the treatment for thyroiditis?
NSAID
prednisone
beta blockers
32Do you give antithyroid medications for thyroiditis?
no
33Estrogen causes a rise in
thyroid binding globulin
34hCG in the first trimester stimulates _____
TRH
35Women who have a low dietary intake of iodide are more likely to give birth to a child with
hypothyroidism
36Which drug can supress thyroid function?
amiodorone