PSY201 Quiz 2 (Bradley University 2025)

1. Vision.
2. Hearing.
3. Touch.
4. Smell.
5. Taste.
6. Pain.
7. Proprioception.
8. Temporal perception.

1. Receptor cells detect informaiton.
2. Sensory neurons convey information to the CNS by afferent pathways.
3. CNS processes information.
4. Processed sensory information is integrated into ongoing cognitive processes.

Underlie all sensory function and are sensitive to specific stimuli in the environment.

Makes neurons more likely to fire.

Moves towards the brain.

Moves away from the brain.

Each type of information has a distinct, parallel pathway to the brain.

Nerves that correspond to adjacent parts of the body are near eachother.

Processes information on touch and body position from the skin and muscles of the body.
Located in the anterior parietal lobe.

Sensory receptors responsible for pain.

Secondary sensory cortex for pain.

Nerves that innervate nociceptors.

Congenital Analgesia - Unability to feel pain.

Encompasses all the body's muscles and is innervated by efferent motor pathways.
Enables movements, reflexes, and acts.

The contraction of an individual muscle or synergistic muscle group.

Complex motor behaviors which require the coordination of multiple movements.

A pattern of intended movements to complete an act.

Unlearned and automatic motor responses.

Arranged in opposite pairings where one muscle contracts and the other relaxes.

Both muscles work together to accomplish the same movement.

Innervates many muscle fibers creating a muscle group.

Contained in neuromuscular juntions and communicate to the brain the position of the body.

Detect elongation of a muscle.

Detect tension of a muscle.

Refers to the bundles of axons that run from the motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the brain and down the pyramidle tract of the spinal cord.

Plans and executes the voluntary movement of the body.
Located in the posterior frontal cortex.
Organized somatotopically.

Involved in initiation of planned movement and replays information from the basal ganglia to the motor cortex.

Plays a major role in decision making.

Phantom Limb - the continued sensation of an extremity that has been lost due to injury.

Includes all the motor pathways not in the pyramidal system.

Involved in error monitoring and correction.

Huntington's Disease - A heritable neurodegenerative disorder of the basal ganglia that impairs movement.

Captures and channels air vibrations.
Includes the exterior portions of the ear, ear canal, and tympanic membrane.

Translates vibrational energy into mechanical energy and conveys it to the inner ear.
Includes the ossicles.

Converts vibrational/mechanical energy to electrochemical signals and performs automatic auditory processing.
Contains the cochlea, basilar membrane, oval window, and the organ of corti.

Vibrates in response to captured sound energy.

Tiny bones that vibrate in response to movement in the ear drum and convey the vibrations to the oval window of the inner ear.

Translates vibrations into auditory information.

Runs the length of the cochlea and ripples in response to vibration of the oval window.

Translates ripples from the basilar membrane to electrochemical energy/action potentials.

The sensory receptors for auditory information.
Line the organ of corti between the basilar membrane and the tectorial membrane.

Innervates the cochlea and auditory cortex.
Inverts at the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem.
Tonotopically organized.

Information processing organized by tone.

1. Cochlear encoding.
2. Sound localization.
3. Complexauditory processing.

When hair cells in different regions respond to different frequenies.

When hair cells produce action potentials at the same frequency as the vibrations they detect.

The combining of information from both ears to determine the direction and distance of sound sources.

Differences in sound.

Differences in time of arrival.

Binds pieces of auditory information into biologically-relevant sounds.
Processes musicality and rhythm.
Located in the sylvian fissure.

The portion of the inner ear responsible for sensing balance and orientation.

The bony outgrowths of the chochlea that form the vestibular system.
Senses pitch and rotational movement along 3 axes.

Senses direction of gravity and head orientation.

Senses movementotation of the head.

Drunkenness - softens ampullae causing the vestibular system to become hyperactive and oversensitive to movement and gravity.