1What are displacement reactions?
reactions where the more reactive metsl displaces the less reactive metal
2What are reduction reactions?
where the substance being reacted gains electrons
3What are oxidation reactions?
where the substance being reacted loses electrons
4What is an ore?
a rock containing enough quantities of a mineral for extraction to be possible
5What is electrolysis?
the decomposition of a compound using electric currents
6What metals can be extracted with electrolysis?
potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, lithium and aluminium
7What is the purpose of elctrolysis?
splits ionic salt compounds into their constituent elements
8What is molten electrolysis?
electrolysis that breaks down a molten ionic compound into their comstituent elements
9Why does electrolysis work best with liquids?
The ions can freely flow, unlike in a lattice
10What reactions happen at the cathode and anode?
at the cathode: reduction reaction
at the anode: oxidation reaction
11How is aluminium extracted?
- The ground is open-cast mined and the main ore found is bauxite; from this ore aluminium oxide is taken
- The extracted aluminium oxide is reacted with cryolite to reduce the cost of extraction and reduces the melting point
- In the electrolyte the ions Al3+ and O2- are found, the cathode makes up the tank and the anode make up the electrode
- The aluminium ions sink to the bottom due to their density and are reduced and the oxygen ions react with the anode to produce CO2