1geographical distribution of Plasmodium vivax
tropics, subtropics, some temperate regions
2geographical distribution of Plasmodium ovale
west africa, sometimes east africa
3geographical distribution of Plasmodium malariae/falciparum
tropics
4definitive host of plasmodium spp.
female mosquitoes (Anopheles)
5intermediate host of plasmodium spp.
human
6stage of plasmodium that is infective to humans
sporozoite - isolated from saliva
7what plasmodium stage of development must be transferred from human to mosquito in order to initiate the parasite's sexual cycle?
gametocyte - transferred via human blood
8how are malarial parasites diagnosed?
finding various stages in thick/thin PB smear (trophs, schizonts, gametocytes)
9three parts of exoerythrocytic phase of plasmodium infection
1. each sporozite enters a liver cells after being transferred from Anopheles female to human
2. cryptozoites are produced
3. merozoites are released
10four parts of erythrocytic phase of plasmodium infection
1. merozoites invade RBCs
2. trophs
3. schizont + merozoites form in infected RBC
4. schizont ruptures, merozoites enter new RBCs
11general appearance of P. vivax troph
- 1/3 - 1/2 diameter of RBC
- blue ring forms cytoplasm
- red dot forms nucleus
- clear center food vacuole
- transition to ameboid form enlarges RBC
- Schuffner's granules (red stippling)
- malarial pigment presenting as black dots in cytoplasm