1Define chemical bonds.
Chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together to make compounds or molecules.
2 Define ionic bond. Explain how it's created
Ionic Bond: An attraction between two ions used to create an ionic compound. This attraction usually forms between a metal and a nonmetal. The transfer of valence electrons between atoms; the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion
3What elements create ionic bond?
metal and nonmetal
4What elements create covalent bond?
Between two nonmetals
5What elements create metallic bond?
Between two metals
6Explain the difference in attraction in ionic and metallic bonds.
The key difference between ionic bonding and metallic bonding is that the ionic bonding takes place between positive and negative ions whereas the metallic bonding takes place between positive ions and electrons.
7Name the properties of ionic compounds.
Are crystal shaped, high melting & boiling point, brittle, insulators, conduct electricity in molten state or dissolved in water
8Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. These compounds have high melting points and high boiling points because of the large amounts of energy needed to break the many strong bonds. These bonds between atoms are strong.
9Why ionic compounds don't conduct electricity in a solid state, but conduct electricity when they are melted or dissolved?
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten (liquid) or in aqueous solution (dissolved in water), because their ions are free to move from place to place. Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity when solid, as their ions are held in fixed positions and cannot move.
10Why is tap water lightly conducted, but distilled water is not?
In order for electricity to flow through a liquid, a movement of charge must take place through the liquid.
In distilled water, there are no impurities and thus no ions. There are only neutral molecules( H2O), and these neutral molecules lack a charge. For this reason, distilled water is also unable to conduct electricity.
Tap water has innumerable impurities such as sodium Na +, calcium Ca2 + and magnesium Mg2 + ions. Since these are charged when they are present in water, electricity can flow through the liquid.
11Metals lose electrons forming positive ion
( cation)
12Reactive nonmetals gain electrons forming negative ion
(Anion)
13What are binary compounds? What is monoatomic ion?
Binary compounds are compounds that are composed of two elements. A monatomic ion is an ion formed with a single atom.
14The metal is written first, and nonmetal is written second in the formula. The chemical formula of the ionic compound shows
15The name of the metal remains unchanged, but the name of the nonmetal carries the
suffix -ide
(monatomic anion).
16Some metals such as iron, copper, gold, chromium, mercury, tin, lead, and manganese
are capable of more than one ionic charge. How do you write their names?
With roman numerals
17What are polyatomic ions?
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms covalently bonded together, but the group of atoms as a whole has a charge.
18What is ternary compound?
A compound of three elements.
19Most polyatomic ions contain oxygen. What suffix would you use to show the presence
of oxygen in the polyatomic ion?
ate
20Identify all of the compounds that are ionic
NH3, KCl, CO2, Fe, MgCO3, CS2, NH4OH, H2O, AlPO4, CHA, NO, CuO, CCl4, BF3, MgBr2, NHẠC, NaNO3, Cu
21What are the differences between minerals and rocks? Give some examples of
minerals and rocks.
Provide the formulas for minerals.
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition whereas a rock is made up of minerals and organic remains. Examples of rocks are basalt, sandstone, and granite. Examples of minerals are quartz (SiO2), mica (Ca2Fe4Al8O20F4), and calcite (CaCO3).
22What are the three types of rocks? What are the differences between them?
The three types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous are formed from magma from volcanoes. Sedimentary rocks are grains of sand or other pebbles that compress together over a long period of time. Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of Earth under intense heat and pressure.