1Jules (units)
J or kgm2/s2
2wavelength (units)
m (nm)
5frequency (symbol)
v (nu)
7photoelectric effect
electrons leave atom or rings when light hits them
8line spectra
show wavelengths of light emitted when electrons jump rings
9Bohr's model
shows orbitals, orbits, and levels
10deBroglie wavelength
Idea that if light acts as both a particle and a wave, it can behave as both a particle and a wave
11what does deBroglie's wavelength show?
wavelength associated with momentum and mass
12Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
idea that one can't see an electron as a wave and a partcile at the same time because they are complimentary principles and cancel each other out
13Probability distribution
Idea that we know where the electron is likely to be, but not really
14quantum numbers (definition)
short-hand numbers to describe e- configuration
15Principle quantum number
n, shell number, determined by row #
16Angular Momentum quantum number
l, subshell, describes shape of orbital; determined by block
21Magnetic quantum number
ml, orientation of orbital in space; determined by -l through +l
22Magnetic spin quantum number
1/2 positive (spin up) vs -1/2 negative (spin down)
23Pauli's exclusion principle
No two elecctrons in an atom have the same set of 4 quantum numbers
24Pattern in # of orbitals
n^2 = # of orbitals
25Pattern in # of electrons
# of orbitals * 2
26Hund's rule
electrons will fill empty spin up and spin down orbitals before they'll fill full ones
27valence electrons
outermost electrons, used in bonding; use ns + nblock
28core electrons
electrons deep inside atom
29Exceptions to normal electron configurations
Cr, Mo, Cu, Ag
30Cr Configuration
[Ar] 4s13d5
31Mo configuration
[Kr] 5s14d5
32Cu configuration
[Ar] 4s14d10
33Ag configuration
[Kr] 5s14d10
34column 1 of periodic table
alkali metals
35column 2 of periodic table
alkalines earth metals
36column 6 of periodic table
Chalcogens
37column 7 of periodic table
Halogens
38column 8 of periodic table
noble gases
39transition metals
columns 3-12
42ionic bonds
metal and nonmetal
43covalent
nonmetal and nonmetal
44electronegativity
tendency of an atom to attract electrons
45pure covalent difference in electronegativity
0.4 or less
46polar covalent difference in electronegativity
0.4-2.0
47ionic difference in electronegativity
2.00 or more