CONSERVATISM updated

Traditional, One nation and New right

Neo Liberalism, Neo conservatism

Thomas Hobbes , Edmund Burke, Micheal Oakeshott, Robert Nozick,Ayn Rand

Human Imperfection, Organic state or society, Pragmatism, Tradition,Paternalism,Libertarianism

Benjamin Disraeli, Harold Macmillan, Boris Johnson

robert Nozick and Ayn Rand

having too big of a state interference and abandoing traditional conservative values.

Morally imperfect, Intellectually imperfect, Psychologically imperfect

- argued that the state encroaches on the lives of citizens and that welfarism creates a dependency culture - his neo liberal ideas of individual freedom led him to support the legislation of hard drugs and prostitution

- A political philosophy that emphasises negative freedom and minimal state interference - atomistic society made up of self interested and suffient individuals. - expensive welfare states should be abolished as they will eventually bankrupt society

the idea that knowledge and evidence come from real experience and not abstract theories

it is rejected by neo liberals because of their positive view of human nature and how they belived in rationalism

the welfare state

- society is unequal and arranged in a natural hierarchy where the ruling class has a noblesse oblige relationship to those below them

they argued that the paternalistic welfarism of the post war period had unintended consequences such as welfare dependency

- one nation, in times of crisis will advocate for huge state interference to preserve society and economy - enforcement of lockdowns would have not been acceptable at any other time as well as supporting coronavirus relief

Benjamin Disraeli

Humans are secruity driven and socially dependent. They rely on tradition and culture for an identity

Reality is beyond human understanding

Humans are selfish and motivated by base impulses

A violent fearful place where humans are in never ending conflict as they pursue their selfish desires. Describes society before the existence of the state.

Society is not created, but grows and emerges developing like an organism.

Society should adapt to changing circumstances to preserve the essence of society

They belived that once the state provides necessary order, society will emerge organically, maturing into a complicated organism of customs and traditions.

Little communities that retain their identity and enable wider integration of the nation. Communities are bound by affection and cooperation.

A neo conservative attempt to reform the welfare state and reduce state dependency

Ayn Rand

individuals who experience negative freedom are best able to comprehend reality and achive self realisation and self fulfilment

a rejection of theory and ideology in favour of practical experience, the approach to society should be flexible: with decisions made on the basis of what works

The state or aristocracy acting as a ‘paternal figure’ by making decisons for others based on their own judgement on what is best for them

free market, minimal state,individual freedom and responsibility

commitment to order, traditional values and public morality

The idea that knowledge and evidence come from real experience and not abstract theories

A political philosophy that emphasises negative freedom and minimal state interference

Opposing change in a social, economic or political system and preferring the society to remain as it is.

- it views society as atomistic not organic. - it has a positive view of human nature, saying that humans are capable of rational thought

The duty of the society’s elite , the wealthy and the privileged to look after those who are less fortunate

Society should adapt to shifting circumstances by making small changes rather than rejecting change outright. These compromises will preserve the essence of society. If society does not change, it risks rebellion and or revolution.

Politics of scepticism concludes that the implementation of abstract ideas often leads to unintended negative consequences. Attempting to reform or improve society would just make matters worse.

A society that exists as a loose collection of self interested and self sufficient individuals

A society where there is minimal state interference so individuals can practice their own moral codes rather than being restricted by political or religious values imposed upon them by the state.

He argued that the egalitarian principles of the French Revolution were rationalist delusions and that throwing out ancient instititions such as the monarchy,rule of law,traditions and concepts such as private property were dangerous and led to the disastrous consequences of the Revolution

She belived that individuals should pursue their own dreams and goals as it it morally right not selfish.

The belief that humans are not born to be self seeking, but can display fellow feeling,sympathy for others and an instinct to help and cooperate with others.

She argued that altruism, the feeling to want to help others, should not be a duty dictated by the state, but the rational action of an individual displaying their own personal morals and values.

They believe that religion provides an alternative to a moral vaccum, and can be used to enforce law and order.

Belief in ideas that favour drastic political,economic and social change.