Geography Year 9

The study of places, people, environments and how they interact.

A large area with similar climate, plants and animals.

Forest, grassland, desert, tundra and aquatic.

Climate, rainfall, temperature and soil.

The average weather over a long period.

The day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere.

The distance north or south of the Equator.

Higher latitude = colder temperatures.

The height above sea level.

Higher altitude = cooler temperatures.

Living and non-living things interacting together.

The variety of living organisms in an area.

It keeps ecosystems healthy and stable.

Plant life.

Animal life.

When everyone has enough safe and nutritious food.

When people cannot access enough nutritious food.

Availability, access, utilisation and stability.

Growing crops and raising animals for food.

Farming to feed the farmer's family.

Farming to sell products for profit.

Supplying water to crops.

Cutting steps into hillsides for farming.

High inputs and high outputs on small land.

Large areas with lower inputs.

Too many animals eating vegetation.

Clearing forests.

Causes habitat loss, soil erosion and climate change.

Damage that reduces land quality.

The wearing away of topsoil.

It contains nutrients for plants.

Land becoming desert due to poor management and climate.

Build-up of salt in soil.

Over-irrigation and land clearing.

Farming without harming future resources.

Growing different crops each season.

Improves soil health and reduces pests.

Farming without synthetic chemicals.

Distance food travels to consumers.

Gases that trap heat in Earth's atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide.

Long-term changes in Earth's climate.

More droughts, floods and extreme weather.

A long period with little rainfall.

Reduces crop and livestock production.

Food that is thrown away instead of eaten.

Better farming, less waste and improved transport.

The growth of cities.

Natural increase and migration.

People moving from the countryside to cities.

Moving within the same country.

Moving between countries.

A city with over 10 million people.

Cities spreading into surrounding land.

More jobs, education and healthcare.

Traffic, pollution and housing shortages.

Basic services like roads, schools and hospitals.

How suitable a place is to live.

Safety, transport, jobs, housing and environment.

Meeting today's needs without harming future generations.

Environmental, social and economic.

Energy that can be replaced naturally.

Solar, wind and hydro.

Energy from resources that will run out.

Coal, oil and natural gas.

Contamination of the environment.

Harmful substances in the air.

Contamination of rivers, lakes and oceans.

Collecting and disposing of rubbish safely.

Turning waste into new products.

Protecting natural environments.

A material found in nature used by humans.

A resource that naturally replaces itself.

A resource that cannot be replaced quickly.

The value of goods and services produced in a country.

Overall wellbeing of people.

A country with high income and living standards.

A country with lower income and living standards.

The number of people living in an area.

The maximum population an area can support.

A change humans make to the environment.

Adjusting to environmental changes.

Reducing the causes of climate change.

The links between people, places and environments.

They show location and spatial information.

The relationship between map distance and real distance.

A line joining places of equal height.

A map showing landforms and elevation.

Geographic Information Systems used to analyse spatial data.

A map using colours to show data.

A graph showing rainfall and temperature.

A graph showing age and sex of a population.

Information collected firsthand.

Information collected by someone else.

How things are arranged across an area.

An imaginary line around the middle of Earth.

Tropical rainforest.

Desert.

Tundra.

Aquatic biome.