First 300 of 362 cards
1
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
2
scarpa's fascia on scrotum (_______) on deep fascia of thigh (_______)
dartos fascia; fascia lata
3
o and i external oblique m
rib 5 to linea alba, form inguinal ligament
4
fx external oblique m and internal
flex trunk, same side bend
5
O and I internal obliques
9-12 ribs, lateral inguinal ligament
6
innervation internal oblique m
intercostal nerves (T7-T11), the subcostal nerve (T12), the iliohypogastric nerve (L1), and the ilioinguinal nerve (L1). 
7
innervation external oblique m
thoracic spinal nerves (T7-T12) and the iliohypogastric nerve (L1). 
8
O and I transverse abdominus
lower 6 ribs to inguinal ligament tp linea alba
9
fx transverse abdominus
compress abdominal contents
10
O and I rectus abdominus
costal cartilage to pubic sympjysis
11
fx rectus abdominus
flex vertebral column
12
innervation rectus abdominus
anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves, specifically T6-T12
13
innervation transverse abdominus
intercostal nerves (T7-T11), the iliohypogastric nerve (L1), and the ilioinguinal nerve (L1). 
14
these muscles all attach to the thick aponeurotc sheet medially forming the rectus sheath
external and internal oblique
transversus abdominus
transversus abdominus
15
star
superficial inguinal ring
16
blue dotted line
semilunar line
17
PrS
posterior rectus sheath
18
ARS
anterior rectus sheath
19
a weakened area in the abdominal wall located in the groin, bounded by the rectus abdominis muscle medially, the inguinal ligament inferiorly, and the inferior epigastric vessels laterally; herniation can occur here
hesselbach's triangle
20
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
21
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
22
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
23
a triangular depression of the peritoneum on the inner abdominal wall, above the bladder, formed by the peritoneal fold covering the bladder's surface.
supravesical fossa
24
this innervates the skin above the pubic bone
iliohypgastric n (L1)
25
spermatic to and give cutaneous inn. To anterior scrotum
ilioinguinal n
26
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
27
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
28
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
29
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
30
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
31
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
32
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
33
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
34
the internal thoracic a. branches into ____________ which runs deep to rectus abdominus and meets with ___________ which is from the external iliac a
superior epigastric a; inferior epigastric a
35
This vein connects the superficial epigastric v to lateral thoracic v
thoracoepigastric v
36
what does the thoracoepigastric v drain into
SVC via axillary v and IVC via femoral v
37
pathway of the paraumbilical veins
the superficial epigastric vein, which then flows into the femoral vein and subsequently into the external iliac vein and inferior vena cava
38
what drains the superficia abdomen wall (lymph); deep
axillary and superficial inguinal
deep: external iliac or lumbar nodes
deep: external iliac or lumbar nodes
39
what passes through the inguinal canal
spermatic cord OR round ligament of uterus
40
an extension of the fibers of the internal oblique muscle. The fibers of this muscle are innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
reflex: an involuntary muscle contraction that elevates the testicle on the same side of the body
reflex: an involuntary muscle contraction that elevates the testicle on the same side of the body
cremaster
41
what is at risk of injury in triangle of pain
genitofemoral, femoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous at risk of injury
42
what is at risk of injury in triangle od doom
external iliac vessels
43
direct or indirect inhuinal hernia: is covered by parietal peritoneum and transversalis fascia
direct
44
drect or indirect inguinal hernia: does not traverse the entire inhuinal canal
direct
45
direct/indirect inguinal hernia: is outside of the spermatic cord
direct
46
dorect/indrect inguinal hernia: emerges from the seuperficial ring
direct
47
direct/indirect inguinal hernia: pass drectly through hesselbach's triangle
dorect
48
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: goes indirectly through the inguinal canal
indirect
49
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: is the most common type
indirect
50
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: leaves the abdominal cavty lateral to the epigastric vessels through a congenitally patent deep ring
indirect
51
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: traverse the entire inguinal cana;
indirect
52
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: has the same coverings of the spermatic cord
indirect
53
dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: commonly enters the scrotum
imdirect
54
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
55
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
56
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
57
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
58
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
59
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
60
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
61
this mesentery/peritoneum holds the liver to the body wall
visceral peritoneum
62
suspends most digestive organs (other than liver) to the body wall
dorsal mesentery
63
digestive organ term for the digestive organs that have lost their mesentery during developent
retroperitoneal
64
The stomach is attached to the dorsal and ventral mesenteries. Rotation of the stomach pulls the dorsal mesentery to the left forming ...
omental bursa
65
this is the only entrance to the omental bursa
epiploic foramen of winslow
66
this continues to lengthen and then fuses to form the greater omentum
dorsal mesentery
67
what is the fx of the greater omentum; what does it extend from
encapsulate organs, encapsulate infection, tumors, etc that enter the cavity;
extends from the greater curvature of the stomach
extends from the greater curvature of the stomach
68
this connects the liver to the stomach via the hepatoduodenal and hepatogastrix ligaments
lesser omentum
69
what ligaments/folds make up the lesser omentum
hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal
70
this connects the greater and lesser sacs and is the only communication point between them
omental foramen=epiploic foramen
71
what makes up the portal triad? (x3) where is itcontained?
hepatic artery proper, bile duct, portal vein
lies within the hepatoduodenal ligament
lies within the hepatoduodenal ligament
72
this ligament of the liver is the former L umbilical v
ligamentum teres
73
is the liver peritoneal or retroperitoneal
retroperitoneal
74
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
75
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
76
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
77
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
78
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
79
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
80
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
81
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
82
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
83
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
84
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
85
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
86
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
87
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
88
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
89
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
90
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
91
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
92
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
93
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
94
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
95
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
96
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
97
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
98
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
99
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
100
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
101
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
102
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
103
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
104
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
105
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
106
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
107
O and I quadratus lumborum
O: Transverse process L1-L5
I: Iliac Crest
I: Iliac Crest
108
fx of the quadratus lumborum
stabilize ribs
109
what are the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta
-celiac, SMA, IMA
-middle suprarenal
-renal
-testicular/ovarian
-middle suprarenal
-renal
-testicular/ovarian
110
what are the parietal braches of the abdominal aorta
inferior phrenic, lumbar, middle sacral
111
what are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta
common iliac
112
what are the tributaries of the IVC
-lumbar
-right testicular/ovarian
-renal
-suprarenal
-inferior phrenic
-hepatic
-right testicular/ovarian
-renal
-suprarenal
-inferior phrenic
-hepatic
113
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
114
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
115
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
116
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
117
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
118
what ribs when they fracture can hurt the kidneys
Ribs 11 and 12
119
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
120
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
121
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
122
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
123
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
124
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
125
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
126
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
127
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
128
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
129
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
130
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
131
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
132
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
133
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
134
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
135
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
136
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
137
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
138
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
139
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
140
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
141
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
142
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
143
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
144
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
145
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
146
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
147
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
148
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
149
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
150
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
151
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
152
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
153
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
154
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
155
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
156
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
157
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
158
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
159
what is used to find the appendix
McBurney point
160
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
161
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
162
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
163
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
164
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
165
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
166
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
167
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
168
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
169
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
170
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
171
what is the liver in contact with
bare area in contact with diaphragm
172
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
173
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
174
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
175
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
176
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
177
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
178
what is this?
gallstones
179
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
180
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
181
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
182
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
183
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
184
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
185
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
186
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
187
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
188
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
189
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
190
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
191
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
192
what does the portal triad include
bild duct, hepatic artery proper, portal vein
193
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
194
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
195
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
196
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
197
branches of SMA
middle colic a, ileocolic a, right colic a, intestinal a
198
iliocolic a
199
blood supply to descending colon
left colic a
200
blood supply to sigmoid colon
sigmoid a
201
branches of IMA
left colic a, sigmoidal a, superior rectal a
202
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
203
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
204
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
205
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
206
this artery connects IMA to SMA
marginal artery
207
what are the IMP porto caval anastomosis points
L gastric to esophageal
superor rectal with middle and inferior rectal
paraumbilical vv with superior epigastric v
superor rectal with middle and inferior rectal
paraumbilical vv with superior epigastric v
208
a clinical sign characterized by swollen, snake-like veins radiating from the navel, caused by portal hypertension, a dangerous increase in blood pressure in the portal vein
caput medusae
209
a condition where blood is present in the urine
hematuria
210
a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. These cysts gradually enlarge, damaging the kidney tissue and leading to progressive kidney failure.
polycystic kidney disease
211
a condition where the kidney drops below its normal position when standing up, often without causing symptoms. However, if it causes issues, symptoms can include abdominal or flank pain relieved by lying down, blood in the urine, and repeated infections.
nephroptosis
212
what nerve is responsible for the cremaster reflex?
genital branch of genitofemoral n. and ilioingional n.
213
where the superior mesenteric a compresses the left renal artery= causes verocele in testicular v
nutcracker syndrome
214
what does this show?
renal stones in the ureters
215
what are the most common sites of anatomical constriction in the ureters
1) ureter passes over inferior renal pole
2) ureter crosses over external iliac vessels
3) ureter transverses the bladder wall
2) ureter crosses over external iliac vessels
3) ureter transverses the bladder wall
216
what leaves through the lateral accurate ligament
subcostal n
217
what leaves through the medial arcuate ligament
iliolinguinal n
iliohypogastric n
iliohypogastric n
218
pulsatile lump in ulbilical region. Imaging shown
abdominal aortic aneurism
219
what is the structure of a parasympathetic neuron?
long preganglionic fiber; innervate more than one ganglion cell
220
this is the sympathetics to the foregut
celiac
221
this is the sympathetics pre aortic ganglia to the midgut
superior mesenteric
222
sympathetics pre aorticic ganglia renal
aorticorenal
223
sympathetcs pre aortica ganglia hindgut
inferior mesenteric
224
what does the greater splantnic n supply
celiac an superior mesenteric
225
what does the lesser splantnic n supply
superior mesenteric and aorticorenal
226
what does the least splantnic n supply
aorticorenal
227
what does the lumbar splantnic supply
inferior mesenteric
228
what travels through the hypogastric plexus and nerves
lumbar splanchnics and pelvic splanchnics
229
location of preganglionic GVE sympathetic cell bodies abdominal
IML
230
where does the sympathetic GVA cell body reside in abdominal autonomics
posterior root ganglion
231
where do the abdominal lymphatics drain?
corresponding pattern to cisterna chyli to thoracic duct to left jugular venous plexys
232
lymph: what drains the foregut
celiac
233
lymphatics: what drains the midgut?
superior mesenteric
234
lymphatics: what drains the kidneys and testes
lumbar
235
lymphatics: what drains the hindgut and superior rectum
inferior mesenteric
236
enlarged lymph node on neck; sign of gastric, hepatic, or pancreatic cancer
virchow's node
237
what drains the bare area of the liver
phrenic nodes
238
what drains the falciform ligament of liver
parasternal
239
what drains the round ligament ofd the liver
periumbilical node
240
enlarged nodule of the anterior abdomen; sign of stomach cancer
Sister mary joseph node
241
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
242
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
243
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
244
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
245
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
246
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
247
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
248
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
249
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
250
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
251
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
252
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
253
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
254
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
255
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
256
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
257
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
258
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
259
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
260
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
261
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
262
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
263
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
264
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
265
Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
266
what runs through the deep inguinal ring?
iliohypogastric n
ilioinguinal n
gen branch of genitofemoral n
ilioinguinal n
gen branch of genitofemoral n
267
what is this? what ligament?
testicular torsion; scrotal ligament twisted cutting off blood supply
268
what is this?
hydrocele: no blood; blood accumulates between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis
269
what layers are cut in a vasectomy?
skin, dartos fascia, external spermatic fascia, cremasteric m and fascia, internal spermatic fascia, parietal layerof tunica vaginalis
270
what is cutemoved in a vasectomy?
vas deferens
271
what structure are most at risk of injury in a vasectomt
testicular a most at risk; ilioingional n and genital branch of genitalfemoral also at risk
272
What does the cremaster reflex test?
L1-2 spinal cord level
273
How is the cremaster reflex elicited?
Stroking the medial aspect of the upper thigh
274
What is absent with spinal cord injuries above T5-6?
Abdominal reflex
275
What vessel most commonly causes rectus sheath hematoma?
Inferior epigastric artery
276
What layer is fat removed from during liposuction?
Subcutaneous tissue (superficial fascia)
277
What nerves, arteries, and veins are most at risk in liposuction?
Cutaneous nerves, superficial arteries, superficial veins
278
What abdominal incision is at risk of injuring the inferior epigastric vessels?
Transverse incisions
279
Which layer must always be sutured during closure of the abdominal wall?
Fascia
280
What are the two main types of inguinal hernias?
Direct and indirect inguinal hernias
281
Which hernia is medial to the inferior epigastric vessels?
Direct inguinal hernia
282
Which hernia traverses the inguinal canal and often enters the scrotum?
Indirect inguinal hernia
283
What is Amyand’s hernia?
An inguinal hernia that contains the appendix
284
What is the triangle of pain?
A region bound by the inguinal ligament and testicular vessels, containing key nerves
285
What is the triangle of doom?
A region bound by the vas deferens and testicular vessels, containing major vessels
286
What is an epigastric hernia?
Hernia through the midline between xiphoid and umbilicus
287
Where does a femoral hernia protrude?
Through the femoral ring, inferolateral to the pubic tubercle
288
What surgery removes part of the ductus deferens?
Vasectomy
289
What is at risk of iatrogenic injury in vasectomy?
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve, testicular artery
290
What happens in torsion of the testes?
Rotation and twisting of the spermatic cord, causing vascular compromise
291
What is a hydrocele?
Fluid accumulation in the tunica vaginalis of the testes
292
What is a hematocele?
Blood collection in the tunica vaginalis of the testes
293
Where does the lymph from the testes drain?
Lumbar (para-aortic) lymph nodes
294
Where does the lymph from the scrotum drain?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
295
Name a peritoneal ligament between spleen and kidney.
Splenorenal (lienorenal) ligament
296
What is the epiploic foramen of Winslow?
Entry to the lesser sac, bordered by portal triad anteriorly
297
What recess accumulates fluid in the supine position?
Morrison’s pouch (hepatorenal recess)
298
What is volvulus?
Twisting of an organ with mesentery, leading to obstruction and ischemia
299
What is paracentesis?
Removal of ascitic fluid from the peritoneal cavity
300
What is the main complication of peritoneal adhesions?
Intestinal obstruction or chronic pain
62 more cards in OutLearn. Open the full deck