Abdomen

scarpa's fascia on scrotum (_______) on deep fascia of thigh (_______)

o and i external oblique m

fx external oblique m and internal

O and I internal obliques

innervation internal oblique m

innervation external oblique m

O and I transverse abdominus

fx transverse abdominus

O and I rectus abdominus

fx rectus abdominus

innervation rectus abdominus

innervation transverse abdominus

these muscles all attach to the thick aponeurotc sheet medially forming the rectus sheath

star

blue dotted line

PrS

ARS

a weakened area in the abdominal wall located in the groin, bounded by the rectus abdominis muscle medially, the inguinal ligament inferiorly, and the inferior epigastric vessels laterally; herniation can occur here

a triangular depression of the peritoneum on the inner abdominal wall, above the bladder, formed by the peritoneal fold covering the bladder's surface.

this innervates the skin above the pubic bone

spermatic to and give cutaneous inn. To anterior scrotum

the internal thoracic a. branches into ____________ which runs deep to rectus abdominus and meets with ___________ which is from the external iliac a

This vein connects the superficial epigastric v to lateral thoracic v

what does the thoracoepigastric v drain into

pathway of the paraumbilical veins

what drains the superficia abdomen wall (lymph); deep

what passes through the inguinal canal

an extension of the fibers of the internal oblique muscle. The fibers of this muscle are innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
reflex: an involuntary muscle contraction that elevates the testicle on the same side of the body

what is at risk of injury in triangle of pain

what is at risk of injury in triangle od doom

direct or indirect inhuinal hernia: is covered by parietal peritoneum and transversalis fascia

drect or indirect inguinal hernia: does not traverse the entire inhuinal canal

direct/indirect inguinal hernia: is outside of the spermatic cord

dorect/indrect inguinal hernia: emerges from the seuperficial ring

direct/indirect inguinal hernia: pass drectly through hesselbach's triangle

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: goes indirectly through the inguinal canal

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: is the most common type

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: leaves the abdominal cavty lateral to the epigastric vessels through a congenitally patent deep ring

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: traverse the entire inguinal cana;

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: has the same coverings of the spermatic cord

dorect/indirect inguinal hernia: commonly enters the scrotum

this mesentery/peritoneum holds the liver to the body wall

suspends most digestive organs (other than liver) to the body wall

digestive organ term for the digestive organs that have lost their mesentery during developent

The stomach is attached to the dorsal and ventral mesenteries. Rotation of the stomach pulls the dorsal mesentery to the left forming ...

this is the only entrance to the omental bursa

this continues to lengthen and then fuses to form the greater omentum

what is the fx of the greater omentum; what does it extend from

this connects the liver to the stomach via the hepatoduodenal and hepatogastrix ligaments

what ligaments/folds make up the lesser omentum

this connects the greater and lesser sacs and is the only communication point between them

what makes up the portal triad? (x3) where is itcontained?

this ligament of the liver is the former L umbilical v

is the liver peritoneal or retroperitoneal

O and I quadratus lumborum

fx of the quadratus lumborum

what are the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta

what are the parietal braches of the abdominal aorta

what are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta

what are the tributaries of the IVC

what ribs when they fracture can hurt the kidneys

what is used to find the appendix

what is the liver in contact with

what is this?

what does the portal triad include

branches of SMA

blood supply to descending colon

blood supply to sigmoid colon

branches of IMA

this artery connects IMA to SMA

what are the IMP porto caval anastomosis points

a clinical sign characterized by swollen, snake-like veins radiating from the navel, caused by portal hypertension, a dangerous increase in blood pressure in the portal vein

a condition where blood is present in the urine

a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. These cysts gradually enlarge, damaging the kidney tissue and leading to progressive kidney failure.

a condition where the kidney drops below its normal position when standing up, often without causing symptoms. However, if it causes issues, symptoms can include abdominal or flank pain relieved by lying down, blood in the urine, and repeated infections.

what nerve is responsible for the cremaster reflex?

where the superior mesenteric a compresses the left renal artery= causes verocele in testicular v

what does this show?

what are the most common sites of anatomical constriction in the ureters

what leaves through the lateral accurate ligament

what leaves through the medial arcuate ligament

pulsatile lump in ulbilical region. Imaging shown

what is the structure of a parasympathetic neuron?

this is the sympathetics to the foregut

this is the sympathetics pre aortic ganglia to the midgut

sympathetics pre aorticic ganglia renal

sympathetcs pre aortica ganglia hindgut

what does the greater splantnic n supply

what does the lesser splantnic n supply

what does the least splantnic n supply

what does the lumbar splantnic supply

what travels through the hypogastric plexus and nerves

location of preganglionic GVE sympathetic cell bodies abdominal

where does the sympathetic GVA cell body reside in abdominal autonomics

where do the abdominal lymphatics drain?

lymph: what drains the foregut

lymphatics: what drains the midgut?

lymphatics: what drains the kidneys and testes

lymphatics: what drains the hindgut and superior rectum

enlarged lymph node on neck; sign of gastric, hepatic, or pancreatic cancer

what drains the bare area of the liver

what drains the falciform ligament of liver

what drains the round ligament ofd the liver

enlarged nodule of the anterior abdomen; sign of stomach cancer

what runs through the deep inguinal ring?

what is this? what ligament?

what is this?

what layers are cut in a vasectomy?

what is cutemoved in a vasectomy?

what structure are most at risk of injury in a vasectomt

What does the cremaster reflex test?

How is the cremaster reflex elicited?

What is absent with spinal cord injuries above T5-6?

What vessel most commonly causes rectus sheath hematoma?

What layer is fat removed from during liposuction?

What nerves, arteries, and veins are most at risk in liposuction?

What abdominal incision is at risk of injuring the inferior epigastric vessels?

Which layer must always be sutured during closure of the abdominal wall?

What are the two main types of inguinal hernias?

Which hernia is medial to the inferior epigastric vessels?

Which hernia traverses the inguinal canal and often enters the scrotum?

What is Amyand’s hernia?

What is the triangle of pain?

What is the triangle of doom?

What is an epigastric hernia?

Where does a femoral hernia protrude?

What surgery removes part of the ductus deferens?

What is at risk of iatrogenic injury in vasectomy?

What happens in torsion of the testes?

What is a hydrocele?

What is a hematocele?

Where does the lymph from the testes drain?

Where does the lymph from the scrotum drain?

Name a peritoneal ligament between spleen and kidney.

What is the epiploic foramen of Winslow?

What recess accumulates fluid in the supine position?

What is volvulus?

What is paracentesis?

What is the main complication of peritoneal adhesions?