1What microbes have a membrane enclosed nucleus?
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
2What microbes don't have a membrane enclosed nucleus?
Prokaryotes (bacteria and archea)
3what are extremophiles?
archea (prokaryote) that can live in hostile areas
4What are methanogens?
archea (prokaryote) whose metabolism releases methane
5What are heterotrops?
consume organic food
6What type of microbes are ameba and algae?
Protists (protozoa)
7What are lithotrops?
bacteria that feed on inorganic material
8What is an example of an arthropod vector?
tickbite
9gnr stands for?
gram-negative rod
10What does Epidemology ential?
reservoir
portal of entry
means of transmission
11What does incubation period mean?
infection to appearance of symptoms
12What is the purpose of this class?
Understand the relationships between microorganisms (anatomy and physiology) environment and human health + disease
13What is mycology?
study of fungi
14What is virology?
study of viruses
15Name the lipid bilayer that surronds the virus capsule
envelop (lipid means suseptible to detergents)
16What is microbial genetics?
understand how microbes inherit traits
17What is metagenomics?
study of genes from all organisms in population (alive and dead)
18DOTW:
What type of disease is SARS-COV-2?
viral respiratory tract infection (pnemonia)
19Why are there variants of SARS-COV-2?
mutations of spike protein locations (antibody binding spots)
20What leads to disease with SARS-COV-2?
spike protein binds to ACE II cells
21Epidemology: (reservoir + portal of entry + transmission) for SARS-COV-2?
*reservoir= humans and some animals (bats)
*portal of entry= respiratory tract (conjuctiva of eyes going into nasolacrimal duct, oral cavity, esophagus)
*transmission= direct contact (droplets and aerosolized) indirect contact= on surfaces upto 3 dys
22Incubation period of SARS-COV-2?
2-14 dys (<2 weeks)
23Pathogenesis of SARS-COV-2?
*virus in host cell (multiplies through taking over replicative machinary, destroying cell in process) (Stage 1) and releasing new virus (infects neighbor cells)
*immune system triggers inflamatory response (Stage 2)
*Infection spreads to lower respiratory tract (alveolar cells and otehr organs with ACE2 receptors) result= pneumonia (poor gas exchange with blood) (stage 3)
*Inflammatory response can result in dramatic drop in blood pressure, leaky blood vessels, formation of blood clots, and organ failure
24Stage 1 of SARS-COV-2?
virus infect host cells and replicates itself
(Asymptomatic State)
25Stage 2 of SARS-COV-2?
Immune system triggers inflammatory response
(couph, fever, shortness of breath, chills, muscle pain, fatigue, headache, loss of taste/or smell, sore throat, nausea, diarrhea)
26Complications associated with Stage 3 of SARS-COV-2?
infection spreads to lower resp tract (with ACE2 receptors) leads to pneumonia (poor gas exchange with blood)
*Hypoxia within 8-12 dys
*pneumonia, difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain/pressure, confusion, inability to stay awake, bluish lips or skin
27complications of SARS-COV-2?
*leaky blood vessels
*low blood pressure
*formation of blood clots
*organ failure
*seizures/strokes/heart attack
*mortality
*pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome
*chronic fatigue
*Long Covid
28How to prevent SARS-COV-2?
Vaccines, social distancing, masks N95, hand washing and sanitization of surfaces, testing
29What testing is available for SARS-COV-2?
PCR test (looks for viral genetic material RNA)
Antigen Test
30Treatment for Mild to Moderate SARS-COV-2?
*Monoclonal antibodies
*Antiviral drugs
*Immnomodulators