1Four layers of Alimentary Canal (general)
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
2Three sublayers of Mucosa
Epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
3Mucosa
innermost epithelial membrane that lines the entire digestive tract
4Two types of Epithelium in DI track
Simple columnar (usually) or Stratified squamous
5Submucosa
connective tissure containing blood and lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers
6Muscularis Externa
smooth muscle responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
7What are the two layers of the Muscularis Externa?
Inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer
8Serosa
protective outer layer of intraperitoneal organs (= visceral peritoneum); sometimes replaced by fibrous adventitia
9Organs apart of Alimentary Canal:
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine
10Accessory Digestive Organs
Tongue, Teeth, Salivary glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
11Ingestion
simple act of putting food into mouth
12Propulsion
moving food through alimentary canal (includes swallowing and peristalsis)
13Mechanical Breakdown
PHYSICAL process of preparing food for digestion (includes chewing, churning, and segmentation)
14Digestion
series of steps in which complex food moleculesare broken down to their CHEMICAL building blocks by enzymes
15Absorption
passage of digested end products from lumen of GI tract through mucosa cells into the blood or lymph
16Defaction
elimination of indigestible substances from the body via anus as feces
17Peristalis
wavelike contraction of GI tract segments moving contents forward
18Segmentation
Periodic contraction of GI tract segments without moving contents (mixing occurs)
19serous membrane of abdominal cavity
Peritoneum
20Lines the body wall of the abdominopelvic cavity
Parietal Peritoneum
21Covers the external surfaces of most of the digestive organs
visceral peritoneum
22cavity between peritonea w/ fluid that lubricates mobile organs
peritoneal cavity
23postition of organs that are found posterior to peritoneum and ex’s
Retroperitoneal; duodenum, pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon
24position of organs that are surrounded by peritoneum and ex’s
Intraperitoneal; stomach, liver, small intestines, transverse colon, sigmoid colon
25Dorsal mesentery that extends from body wall to jejunum and ileum
Mesentary
26dorsal mesentery that anchors colon to posterior body wall
mesocolon
27dorsal mesentery that drapes inferiorly from stomach and covers small intestines like an apron, adheres to perforations and infections
Greater Omentum
28Venteral mesentery that attaches stomach to liver
Lesser Omentum
29Ventral mesentery that binds anterior part of the liver to anterior abdominal wall
Falciform ligament
30Peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum (dangerous and fatal if widespread)
31What belongs to the Splanchnic Circulation?
blood vessels serving and draining the digestive system