Digestive Ch 23 General + Histology
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1
Four layers of Alimentary Canal (general)
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
2
Three sublayers of Mucosa
Epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
3
Mucosa
innermost epithelial membrane that lines the entire digestive tract
4
Two types of Epithelium in DI track
Simple columnar (usually) or Stratified squamous
5
Submucosa
connective tissure containing blood and lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers
6
Muscularis Externa
smooth muscle responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
7
What are the two layers of the Muscularis Externa?
Inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer
8
Serosa
protective outer layer of intraperitoneal organs (= visceral peritoneum); sometimes replaced by fibrous adventitia
9
Organs apart of Alimentary Canal:
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine
10
Accessory Digestive Organs
Tongue, Teeth, Salivary glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
11
Ingestion
simple act of putting food into mouth
12
Propulsion
moving food through alimentary canal (includes swallowing and peristalsis)
13
Mechanical Breakdown
PHYSICAL process of preparing food for digestion (includes chewing, churning, and segmentation)
14
Digestion
series of steps in which complex food moleculesare broken down to their CHEMICAL building blocks by enzymes
15
Absorption
passage of digested end products from lumen of GI tract through mucosa cells into the blood or lymph
16
Defaction
elimination of indigestible substances from the body via anus as feces
17
Peristalis
wavelike contraction of GI tract segments moving contents forward
18
Segmentation
Periodic contraction of GI tract segments without moving contents (mixing occurs)
19
serous membrane of abdominal cavity
Peritoneum
20
Lines the body wall of the abdominopelvic cavity
Parietal Peritoneum
21
Covers the external surfaces of most of the digestive organs
visceral peritoneum
22
cavity between peritonea w/ fluid that lubricates mobile organs
peritoneal cavity
23
postition of organs that are found posterior to peritoneum and ex’s
Retroperitoneal; duodenum, pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon
24
position of organs that are surrounded by peritoneum and ex’s
Intraperitoneal; stomach, liver, small intestines, transverse colon, sigmoid colon
25
Dorsal mesentery that extends from body wall to jejunum and ileum
Mesentary
26
dorsal mesentery that anchors colon to posterior body wall
mesocolon
27
dorsal mesentery that drapes inferiorly from stomach and covers small intestines like an apron, adheres to perforations and infections
Greater Omentum
28
Venteral mesentery that attaches stomach to liver
Lesser Omentum
29
Ventral mesentery that binds anterior part of the liver to anterior abdominal wall
Falciform ligament
30
Peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum (dangerous and fatal if widespread)
31
What belongs to the Splanchnic Circulation?
blood vessels serving and draining the digestive system
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