cardio 1

Which of the following are functions of blood?

(1)transportation ,

(2)excretion ,

(3) regulation

(4) protection,

(5) secretion,

Which of the following are events of hemostasis?

(1) vascular spasm

(2) enlargement of the rupture site,

(3) hemorrhage,

(4) platelet plug formation,

(5) blood clotting.

The plasma proteins called antibodies are

(a) globulins,

(b) albumins

(c) fibrinogen,

(d) thrombin,

(e) fibrin,

Which of the following statements explain why red blood cells are specialized for oxygen transport?

(1) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.

(2) Red blood cells lack a nucleus.

(3) Red blood cells have many mitochondria and thus generate ATP aerobically.

(4) The biconcave shape of RBCs provides a large surface area for the inward and outward diffusion of gas molecules

(5) Red blood cells can carry up to four oxygen molecules for each hemoglobin molecule

Which of the following are true statements?

(1) White blood cells leave the bloodstream by emigration.

(2) Adhesion molecules help white blood cells stick to the endothelium, which aids emigration.

(3) Neutrophils and macrophages are active in phagocytosis.

(4) The attraction of phagocytes to microbes and inflamed tissue is termed chemotaxis.

(5) White blood cells are the most numerous formed elements during disease processes

A person with type A Rh negative blood can receive a transfusion with blood of which of the following types?

(1) A positive,

(2) B negative.

(3) AB negative,

(4) 0 negative,

(5) A negative.

The components of blood are_____________ and ____________, which includes ____________,_____________ and___________

Plasma minus its clotting proteins is termed______________

The stages of blood clotting are as follows:
1.the formation of ______________ by initiation of either the __________ or ___________ pathway or both.
2. the conversion of ________________ into _____________ by action of chemical formed in stage 1.
3. the conversion of ____________ into______________

Cell fragments enclosed by a piece of the cell membrane of megakaryocytes and containing clotting factors are called________________

True or false
Hemoglobin functions in both oxygen and carbon dioxide transport and blood pressure regulation.

True or False
Blood groups include the ABO, Rh, Lewis, Kal, Kid, and Duffy systems, among others.

a tissue protein that leaks into the blood from cells outside blood vessels and initiates the formation of prothrombin activator

an anticoagulant

required for normal blood clotting

its formation is initiated by either the extrinsic or intrinsic pathway or both; catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

glycoproteins and glycolipids on the surfaces of red blood cells that can act as antigens

forms the threads of a clot, produced from fibrinogen

can dissolve a clot by digesting fibrin threads

serves as the catalyst to form fibrin; formed from prothrombin

contain hemoglobin and function in gas transport

young neutrophils showing a rod-shaped nucleus

white blood cell showing a kidney-shaped nucleus

monocytes that roam the tissues and gather at sites of infection or inflammation

occur as B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells

combat the effects of histamine and other mediators of inflammation in allergic reaction; also phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes

respond to tissue destruction by bacteria; release lysozyme, strong oxidants, and defensins

older neutrophils with several different shaped nuclear lobes

monocytes that leave the blood and reside in a particular tissue such as Kupffer cells in the liver

involved in inflammatory and allergic reactions; are involved in hypersensitivity reactions

individual forms of progenitor cells; named on the basis of the mature elements in blood they will ultimately produce

cells that give rise to all the formed elements of blood; derived from mesenchyme

give rise to red blood cells

give rise to lymphocytes

hormone that increases the numbers of red blood cell precursors

cells no longer capable of replenishing themselves; can only give rise to more specific formed elements of blood

stimulate white blood cell formation

hormone that stimulates formation of platelets