PNCB practice test 1

An unimmunized pt presents w/ 3 day hx of fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. PE findings include bluish-white spots on the buccal mucosa. The MOST likely diagnosis is _______. It has an incubation period of ______

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) typically presents with a ________ & _______ of the hip, a _________ gait, and usually _____. The MOST serious risk associated with SCFE is _______

children w/ sickle cell dz require daily prophylaxis with _______ until at least ________. If they have hx of _______ they should continue past this age

Pulmonary contusion is manifested by _____, _____, & ______ with ________ and _______ on the chest radiograph.

Pt. w/ pulmonary contusions will likely develop ________. What is the best ventilator management?

Asthma exacerbation w/ presence of increased work of breathing with an arterial PaCO2, of less than ___ mmHg and/or an arterial PaO2, of less than ____ mmHg indicates severe distress

3 m.o w/ acute lethargy & vomiting. On exam pale, lethargic, cries to pain, is tachycardic, and mild HTN. Head imaging reveals a large left frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage with associated midline shift. What is the most critical data needed from the birth history?

The primary characteristics of SIADH are _______ & _______. Urine sodium concentration is _____

In infants under 3 months of age with pertussis, which presenting signs and symptoms are MOST characteristic?

What treatment strategy is the MOST important in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Inflammation associated with Crohns disease may affect _____ of the GI tract, and the distribution of lesions is ________. The _______ is the most commonly affected area

Ulcerative Colitis is limited to __________ , typically beginning at the _______ and extending ________.

____________, such as _______ & ______, are the first-line drug used to treat active mild to moderate Ulcerative Colitis and to maintain remission

________ are used to treat acute flares and induce remission in children with moderate to severe UC or those who have not improved with _______

_________ or ________ are considered for children or adolescents experiencing recurrent UC flare-ups requiring _______ therapy.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a _________ that is more common in _____ months. Incubation in children is ____ to ______.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) has a typical triad of _____, _____, & ________ rash on the _____, _____, or ______ typically after 1-2 daysof illness that spreads to ______, including the ________ and _______.

A child is struck in the face with a baseball resulting in an orbital blow out fracture. Which examination finding is the PRIORITY concern?

Which method provides the BEST estimate of energy requirements for enteral feeding of a school-age child mechanically ventilated for respiratory failure?

Indirect calorimetry (IC) measurement factors in ________ measurements to determine caloric needs. Contraindications include _________, ________, or _________

If SVT sustained > _____, signs of _______ can develop with clinical manifestations of ______, ______, _______, & ______. Infants typically _______

Bacterial tracheitis is a diffuse __________ with adherent or semi-adherent ________. It presents acutely & ______ w/ ____ like s/s including _____, _____, _____, & ______. w/o ______, _____, or ______

Peritonsillar abscess is bacterial in origin and more common in _______ with symptoms including ______, _____, _____, & ______

Croup usually presents with

Epiglottitis is a medical emergency, that can be prevented by the ________. presents with ______, _____, _____, & ______. ______ is usually present, and the neck is held ________

Meningococcemia is septicemia caused by Neisseria meningitidis: PCNB question 30

Meningococcemia is septicemia caused by ______. initially mimics ________ s/s including ______, ______, _____, & _____. w/ progression to ______, _____, ______, & ______ that rapidly progress to _______ over the ________ & ______

An otherwise healthy 2 month old, full-term infant is hospitalized with bronchiolitis. The MOST appropriate treatment includes:

Initial treatment for any asthma exacerbation includes _______

Tx for moderate acute asthma exacerbation is a ______ administered with up to ___ doses in the ________ in addition to administering a _______

Tx for severe asthma exacerbation includes nebulized _____ with _______ , & continuation of systemic corticosteroids

toddler presents with rectal bleeding described as bright to dark red. The mother denies any symptoms of pain in the child and the only abnormal finding on physical examination is mild tachycardia. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate diagnostic study?

When sodium levels are low and potassium level is elevated in an infant ______ must be considered.

An infant presents w/ s/s of a congestive heart failure. A chest radiograph reveals a scimitar-shaped opacity along the right heart border. These findings are associated with:

CXR findings assoc. w/ Ebstein anomaly includes ______

CXR findings assoc. w/ coarctation of the aorta includes ______ or _____

CXR findings assoc. w/ transposition of the great arteries includes ______

CXR findings assoc. w/ tetralogy of Fallot includes ______

CXR findings assoc. w/ total anomalous pulmonary venous return includes ______

Classic features of Nephrotic syndrome (NS) include _______, _______, ________, & _______

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a degenerative disease of lower motor neurons in the spinal cord that is most often inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Degeneration of anterior horn cells in the spinal cord causes progressive muscular weakness and atrophy of skeletal muscles.

Type 1 SMA, also known as Werdnig-Hoffman disease. it presents in _______. ________ are a hallmark of SMA. Sparing of the _______ is another key finding.

adolescent camp counselor presents w/ fever, ha, & acute hemifacial paresis. PE is notable for a rash consisting of large, nonpainful, nonpruritic, annular erythematous lesions on the upper thighs & abdomen. Which diagnosis is HIGHEST on the differential?

A toddler presents with a cough and fever greater than 38.8° C (102° F) for 3 days. On physical exam, decreased breath sounds and intermittent rales are auscultated over the left lower lobe. The MOST likely diagnosis