1What is included in the integumentary system?
Hair, Nails, Skin
2Functions of the Integumentary System
Protection - UV light, waterproofing, microbes
Regulation - Temperature, Waste, excretion
Sensation - touch, pressure, temperature
Synthesis - vitamin D
3What to include in documentation of skin abnormalities?
Characteristics, exudates, Pattern of arrangement, location and distribution
4characteristics
size, shape, color, temperature, tenderness, pain, texture, mobility, turgor, elevation or depression, pedunculation
5Exudates
color, odor, amount, consistency
6Pattern of arrangement
annular (rings), grouped, linear, acriform, diffuse
7Location and Distribution
Generalized, localized, universal, region of the body, unilateral or bilateral, symmetric or asymmetric, patterns, discrete or confluent
8Primary lesion
the first lesion to appear on the skin, and visually recognizable
macule, papule, plaque, nodule, tumor, wheal, vesicle, pustule
9Secondary lesion
scale, crust, thickening, erosion, ulcer, scar, excoriation, fissure
10Signs and Symptoms of skin disease
Pruritus, Urticaria, rash, blisters, xerosis, unusual spots, edema, changes in nails, changes in skin pigment, turgor, texture
11Macule and Patch - unraised
Macule - not raised, 1cm or less
Patch - not raised, greater than 1cm
12Papule and Plaque - raised
Papule - raised, 1cm or less
Plaque - flat elevation, greater than 1cm
13Vesicles and Bulla - fluid filled
Vesicle - fluid filled, 1cm or less
Bulla - fluid filled, greater than 1cm
14Pustule
elevated, pus filled
15Wheal
firm edematoud plaque, transient
16Crust
dried fluid, like a scab
17Comedones
small flesh colored papules that give skin a rough texture, plugged sebaceous follicles (white heads and black heads)
18Scale
visible peeling or flaking of outer skin layers
19Excoriation and erosion
excoriation - erosion from scratiching
erosion - partial thickness loss, epidermis only
20Ulcer
eorsion into dermis
21Fissure
crack like break into dermis
22Blanching
skin turns pale when pressure is applied - reduction in blood flow
23Turgor
measure of skin elasticity, marker of hydration