1Describe Clade Bilateria
Bilateral symmetry, Cephalization, Triploblastic, has coeolom.
2What are protostomes separated into?
Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa
3What are the characteristics of trochophore larva?
Tufts and rows of cilia
4What are characteristics of lophophore
Ring of hollow, ciliated tentacles, Mouth is inside the ring, Anus is outside the ring.
5Describe Phylum Platyhelminthe:
Flatworms, No coelom, No skeleton, True muscle, circular, logitudinal and vertical.
6Describe the Platyhelminth exterior of freeliving taxa:
Ventral epithelium is ciliated, Dual glands produce adhesive and nonadhesive mucus Rhabdite cells that provide physical protection.
7What is freeliving?
Organisms that do not display parasitic traits
8Describe the Platyhelminth exterior of parasitic taxa:
Non-ciliated syncytial tegument in parasitic forms, microvili
9Describe the Platyhelminth digestive system:
Incomplete or none at all, only a mouth and no anus.
10What is a protonephidria?
A series of tubes that lead externally of the organism.
11Describe the Platyhelminth excretory system:
Mainly for osmoregulation - maintaining water balance with external environment. The Protonephridia is made of flame cells and tube cells.
12Name all the classes under Phylum Platyhelminthes...
Turbellaria, Trematoda, Monogea, Cestoda.
13What are 2 prominent groups in class Turbellaria, example of each?
Tricladida and Polycladida, Dugesia and marine lifeforms.
14Describe class Trematoda...
All are endoparasites, have one or more oral suckers, hermaphroditic and gonochoristic.
15What is the life cycle of Trematoda like?
Subclass Digenea have at least 2 host, Intermediate host is a mollusk, definitive host is a vertebrae.
16Describe class Monogea...
Typically ectoparasites, Eggs hatch into larvae that attach to host, Opisthaptor for attachment.
17Describe class Cestoda...
All endoparasites, live in GI tract of host, no digestive system, instead absorb nutrients across their own wall.
18Describe the anatomy of a tapeworm from the class cestoda...
Attaches to gut wall via a scolex, the tegument has many microtriches.
19What are proglottids?
Each segment of a tapeworms body.
20Describe how tape worms grow and spread in the gut:
Tapeworms sexually reproduce in the hosts stomach and shed mature proglottids which are full of eggs.
21Where did the Phylum Rotifera get its name...
Because their ciliated corona looks like rotating wheels.
22Describe the Rotifera digestive system:
Complete alimentary canal, pharynx contains mastax, salivary and gastric glands add digestive enzymes, digestive tube empties into cloaca, waste exits cloaca via anus which is dorsal.
23Describe the Rotifera excretory system:
2 protonephridia, collecting tubules carry excretory fluid to bladder, bladder empties into the cloaca, function both in excretion of nitrogenous waste and osmoregulation.
24Describe the Rotifer circulation:
No heart or blood vessels, nutrients distributed via hemolymph throughout the hemocoel.
25Describe the Rotifer nervous system:
Bilobed brain lies dorsal to pharynx, A pair of ventral nerve cords contain nerve fibers connected to various sensory and motor organs.
26Describe the Phylum Rotifera reproduction:
Gonochoristic, Parthenogenesis is common, Class Bdelloidea has no males.