Neurophysiology Weeks 5-8

Combination of the dominant temporal, parietal and occipital lobes

Language comprehension

Dominant frontal lobe

Word formation

Frontal and temporal lobes

Behaviour, emotions and motivation

Decreased response to a repeated stimulus

Increased response to a stronger stimulus

Form a relationship between two stimuli

Form a relationship between an action and a consequence

Disrupted function in intact regions of the brain that are anatomically connected with an injured region of the brain

Nerve completing same function sprouts off second axon

Separate nerve sprouts off axon to innervate previously injured neuron

Cortex -> Caudate and putamen -> Basal ganglia -> Thalamus -> Cortex

Cortex -> Caudate and putamen -> Globus pallidus -> Subthalamic nucleus -> Globus pallidus -> Thalamus -> Cortex

Caudate and putamen

Globus pallidus and substantia nigra

Inhibitory neurotransmitter

Excitatory

Inhibitory

Aging is driven by genetically regulated processes and is predetermined

Cell aging is intrinsic to cells and always occurs

Aging is controlled by a centre in the brain

Immune system function decreases over time as a result of reduced T-cell function

Aging is a cumulative result of oxidative damage to tissues of the body

Caloric restriction can increase the lifespan of a species

Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging

Deep nuclear cell

Molecular cell layer, Purkinje cell layer and granular cell layer

Mossy fibres and climbing fibres

Head movement

Linear acceleration and head positioning

Maculae

Crista ampullae

Vestibular ganglia -> Vestibulocochlear nerve -> Vestibular nucleus -> Cerebellum -> Vestirbular area of cerebral cortex

Reciprocal inhibition

< 1ms

10-15 on, 50-120 off

< 1ms

15-20 on, 15-20 off

> 10ms

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Brain depolarisation (facilitation)

Brain hyperpolarisation (inhibition)