Byzantine chant notation (name/definition first)

repeat the the pitch of the precedent character ’s pitch

ascend to the above note from the pitch of its precedent character

descend to the below note from the pitch of its precedent character

joins two characters of the same pitch whilst extending the same syllable

ascend to the above note from the pitch of its precedent character; affects the expression of the performer’s voice

ascend to the above note from the pitch of its precedent character

extend the duration of a character by one beat. In combination, it is found either usually above, or below the other character. Its performance is best explained with that of the Hyphen. At times, the Klasma will also have an effect on musical expression.

extend the duration of a character by one beat. In combination, it is found below the other character.

extend the duration of a character by two beats. In combination, it is found below the other character.

extend the duration of a character by three beats. In combination, it is found below the other character.

perform one beat in silence

perform two beats in silence

perform three beats in silence

ascend two intervals from the pitch of its precedent character disjunctively.

ascend two intervals from the pitch of its precedent character disjunctively.

ascend two intervals from the pitch of its precedent character disjunctively.

if on its own, descend two intervals from the pitch of its precedent character disjunctively

ascend three intervals from the pitch of its precedent character disjunctively.