African Geography: Basins, Mountains and Rivers
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1
chad, sudan, congo, djouf
basins in africa
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mount kenya, mount kilamanjaro
volcanic mountains in africa
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600
species of trees in congo basin
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nile river
longest river in world
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nile river
95% of egypt depends on it
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congo river
river hard to navigate bc of cataracts
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Mount Kilimanjaro
Africa's highest mountain
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Niger River
begins in west africa and turns to south east
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rift valleys
long, thin valleys
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basin
depression
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escarpment
steep slope
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equator
where most rain forests located
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canopy
Dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall rain forest trees
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Kalahari, Namib
deserts in Southern africa
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sahara
Largest desert in the world
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sahara
desert in north africa
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sahara
stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to red sea
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Tibesti Mountains
Mountain range in sahara desert
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Burundi, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda
countiries of east africa
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Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, Tunisia
counties of north africa
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Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Cote dlvoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-bissau, liberia, mali, mauritania, niger nigeria, sengal, sierra leone, togo
countries of west africa
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic
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Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Sao Tome, Principe
countries of centeral africa
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Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe
countries of southern africa
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Lake victoria
africa's largest lake
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tropics
90% of africa in this climate zone
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tropics, desert, meditereanean
cliamte zones in africa
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tips of the contintent
where is mediterranean climate
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oasis
A fertile place in a desert where there is water and vegetation
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Aquifers
An underground water reservoir.
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Congo rainforest
main rainforest in africa
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serengeti plain
dry climate and hard soil prevent the growth of trees and many crops but are perfect for growing grass
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aksum
early trading civilization in east africa
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egypt
early civilization in north africa (name of civil and river that supported it)
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Carthage
city founded by Phoenician queen
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Ghana, Mali, Songhai
three tradimg empires of west africa
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1st: Ghana, 2nd: mali, 3rd: Songhai, 4th: Moroccan
History of rulers in early west african history
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bantu migrations
mass migrations of people from now SW Nigeria to rest of Africa (central africa)
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Great Zimbabwe
a city established by the Shona people which grew into an empire built on the gold trade
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Mutapa empire
a state founded in the 15th century by a man named Mutota and that extended throughout all of present-day Zimbabwe except the Eastern part
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"gift of the nile"
nickname for egypt
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Pharaoh A. S.
ruler of egyptian monarch
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Berlin Conference
meeting of european countries to divide up africa
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europes division of africa without regard to the people that lived there
what is one of the root causes of conflict in Africa
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Apartheid, Southern Africa
policy of complete segregation instiduted by white minority governments, and tell what area
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nelson madela
leader of african national congress
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arfrican national congress
founded by blacks to fight for their rights
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Nelson Mandela
passed democratic consitution that garuntees equal rights
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FW de Klerk
started multiracial elections and brought end to apartheid
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Tigris & Euphrates, Fertile Crescent
What two rivers supported what early civilization-heavy area in mesopotamia
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Jordan River
what river supplies water to southwest asia, flows down from lebanon near mnt hermon
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Dead sea
what does jordan river flow into
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dead sea
sea so salty only bacteria can live in it
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Rub al-Khali
the most famous desert, also known as the Empty Quarter
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rub al-khali
desert on arabian peninsula
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An Nafud
Consists of reddish, crescent-shaped dunes, arabian peninsula
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syrian desert
separates the coastal regions of lebanon, Israel, syria from tigris and euphrates
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salt flat
when winds evaporate the moisture in the soil, chemical salts remain
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negev desert
desert in southern isreal
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Dasht-e Kavir & Dasht-e Lut
What are the 2 salt deserts found in SW Asia (Iran)
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on fringes of deserts
where are semiarid lands
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Mediterranean coast and turkey
where are well watered coast lands (SW Asia)
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22 dams, 19 powerplants
what did turkey build to solve water problem
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Syria and Iraq are downstream, and may receive less water
why are turkey's dams controversial
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National Water Carrier Project
Carries water from northern part of isreal to sites in the nations center and south
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drip irrigation
System of small pipes that slow drip water just above ground
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Desalinization
the removal of salt from ocean water
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treatment of wastewater
used for agricultural water
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fossil water
water pumped from underground aquifers, not sustainable
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Mecca and Medina
1st and 2nd holiest cities in Islamic faith
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muhammad
founder of islam
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Bedouins
original desert crawlers that spread islam
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Faith, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Pilgrimage
5 pillars of islam
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Sunni and Shiite
2 branches of Islam
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sunni
most common branch of islam
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shiite
A group of Islamic religion that believes that its religious leader should be chosen based on heredity. (Iran)
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northeast southwest asia
where is mesopotamia and fertile cresent located
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theocratic
Religious leaders control the government
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shariah
Islamic legal law
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western wall
last piece of 2nd temple built by king solomon
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dome of the rock
3rd most holy city: in Jerusalem, spot where founder rose into heaven
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zionism
A policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine.
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Jerusalem, Israel-Palestine, Afghanastan
3 major conflicts in sw asia, be prepared to write on them
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king abraham
built 1st temple
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King Solomon
2nd King of the kingdom of Israel (King David's son) who built 2nd temple in Jerusalem
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Britian defered question of Israel to UN, UN decided to split it up, conflict ever since
explain Israel-Pasastine conflict
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war on terror
general name for the us led attacks against afghanastan
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Operation Neptune Spear
U. S. Navy SEAL team 6 operation that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden
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Operation Iraqi Freedom
an invasion led by the United States in 2003 to stop the development of nuclear waepons by Iraq
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Operation Enduring Freedom
operation to destroy assets and infranstucture of al-qaeda
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Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
a group formed in the 1960s to regain the Arab land in Israel for Palestinian Arabs
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west bank
A strip of land on the west side of the Jordan River
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gaza strip
139 mile square plot of land along mediterranean sea
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