1Exposition
The opening portion (basic situation) that sets
the scene, introduces the main characters, provides important
background information
2Conflict
A struggle between two opposing forces, providing crucial tension to a story
3External conflict
Person vs. person, person vs. environment
4Internal conflict
Person vs. self
5Crisis
a moment of high tension
6Climax
the moment of greatest tension at which the
outcome will be decided
7Resolution
The ultimate outcome of conclusion of the story.
(also known as the “dénouement”, French for the ‘untying of
the knot’)Protagonist
8Protagonist
The principal character who drives the story forward by
pursuing a goal.
9Antagonist
A character (or characters) that opposes the protagonist
10Flashback
A scene that takes place before the story begins, interrupting the main narrative to present a detail important to the theme.
11Foreshadowing
An event that gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story.
12Epiphany
A moment of insight, discovery, or revelation by which a character’s life, or view of life, is greatly altered.
13Theme
A universal statement providing central insight into human nature. For our literary purposes, it must be a COMPLETE SENTENCE