Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR)
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1
Goal of COPAR: Community Health or Social Transformation
Goal of COPAR: Community Health Development or Social Transformation
2
Goal of COPAR: Community Health Development or
Goal of COPAR: Community Health Development or Social Transformation
3
Minimum # of years to transform community:
Minimum # of years to transform community: 5 years
4
Community Diagnosis Types
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
Community Diagnosis Types
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
5
Community Diagnosis Types
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is time in the community
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is time in the community
Community Diagnosis Types
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
Comprehensive
Complete profile (e.g. demographic, socio-economic, cultural, etc.), done when it is first time in the community
6
Community Diagnosis Types
Specific need in community
Specific need in community
Community Diagnosis Types
Problem-oriented
Specific need in community
Problem-oriented
Specific need in community
7
Intrument used in COPAR:
Intrument used in COPAR: Questionnaire
8
stage of community diagnosis involving tallying
Data collation stage of community diagnosis involving tallying
9
stage of community diagnosis involving chart or graphs
Data presentation stage of community diagnosis involving chart or graphs
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Types of Chart
Distribution of groups, few variables
Distribution of groups, few variables
Types of Chart
Pie
Distribution of groups, few variables
Pie
Distribution of groups, few variables
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Types of Chart
Distribution of groups, many variables
Distribution of groups, many variables
Types of Chart
Bar
Distribution of groups, many variables
Bar
Distribution of groups, many variables
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Types of Chart
Distribution over time
Distribution over time
Types of Chart
Line
Distribution over time
Line
Distribution over time
13
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
14
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
15
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
16
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
17
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
18
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem ( ) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem ( ) - 3 points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
19
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - points
5 Criteria in Prioritizing Community Problems
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
Total: 10 points
Nature of Problem - 1 point
Modifiability of Problem - 4 points
Preventive Potential - 1 point
Social Concern - 1 point
Magnitude of the Problem (% of Population affected) - 3 points
20
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
21
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
22
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
23
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
24
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
25
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
26
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
COPAR Phases: (PECOAST)
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
Pre-Entry Phase
Entry Phase or Social Preparation
Community Study
Organization Building Phase
Action Phase
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Turn-over or Phase Out
27
COPAR Phases
Simplest phase in terms of actual outputs, activities and strategies and time spent for it
Simplest phase in terms of actual outputs, activities and strategies and time spent for it
COPAR Phases
Pre-Entry
Simplest phase in terms of actual outputs, activities and strategies and time spent for it
Pre-Entry
Simplest phase in terms of actual outputs, activities and strategies and time spent for it
28
COPAR Phases
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
COPAR Phases
Pre-Entry
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
Pre-Entry
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
29
COPAR Phases
Pre-Entry
: gather data from different barangays
Pre-Entry
: gather data from different barangays
COPAR Phases
Pre-Entry
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
Pre-Entry
Preliminary Social Investigation (PSI): gather data from different barangays
30
COPAR Phases
Site Selection: Depressed, oppressed, poor, exploited, safe
Site Selection: Depressed, oppressed, poor, exploited, safe
COPAR Phases
Pre-Entry
Site Selection: Depressed, oppressed, poor, exploited, safe
Pre-Entry
Site Selection: Depressed, oppressed, poor, exploited, safe
31
COPAR Phases
Goal: Establish the ground or foundation of the organization
Goal: Establish the ground or foundation of the organization
COPAR Phases
Entry
Goal: Establish the ground or foundation of the organization
Entry
Goal: Establish the ground or foundation of the organization
32
COPAR Phases
Courtesy Call: Go to leaders to show respect
Courtesy Call: Go to leaders to show respect
COPAR Phases
Entry
Courtesy Call: Go to leaders to show respect
Entry
Courtesy Call: Go to leaders to show respect
33
COPAR Phases
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
COPAR Phases
Entry
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
Entry
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
34
COPAR Phases
Entry
: Identify the pressing needs of people
Entry
: Identify the pressing needs of people
COPAR Phases
Entry
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
Entry
Deepening Social Investigation (DSI): Identify the pressing needs of people
35
COPAR Phases
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
COPAR Phases
Entry
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
Entry
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
36
COPAR Phases
Entry
: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
Entry
: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
COPAR Phases
Entry
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
Entry
Immersion/Integration: imbibe the life of people in the community, gather data through participant observation
37
COPAR Phases
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): (5-6)
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): (5-6)
COPAR Phases
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group (5-6)
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group (5-6)
38
COPAR Phases
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group
COPAR Phases
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group (5-6)
Entry
Spot Potential Leaders (Informal): CORE group (5-6)
39
COPAR Phases
Entry
Most important characteristic of core group or leaders: Able to the community
Entry
Most important characteristic of core group or leaders: Able to the community
COPAR Phases
Entry
Most important characteristic of core group or leaders: Able to mobilize the community
Entry
Most important characteristic of core group or leaders: Able to mobilize the community
40
COPAR Phases
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
COPAR Phases
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
41
COPAR Phases
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): , DOH: Leadership seminar
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): , DOH: Leadership seminar
COPAR Phases
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
Entry
Self-Awareness Leadership Training (SALT): Primary Healthcare, DOH: Leadership seminar
42
COPAR Phases
Profiling the community, community diagnosis, identifying community proplems, prioritization of problems
Profiling the community, community diagnosis, identifying community proplems, prioritization of problems
COPAR Phases
Community Study
Profiling the community, community diagnosis, identifying community proplems, prioritization of problems
Community Study
Profiling the community, community diagnosis, identifying community proplems, prioritization of problems
43
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Role: Facilitator, Assist, Teach
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Role: Facilitator, Assist, Teach
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Nurse’s Role: Facilitator, Assist, Teach
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Nurse’s Role: Facilitator, Assist, Teach
44
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Role: Leader, Assess, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Role: Leader, Assess, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
People’s Role: Leader, Assess, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
People’s Role: Leader, Assess, Plan, Implement, Evaluate
45
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Research Team: - temporary, conducts community dx
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Research Team: - temporary, conducts community dx
COPAR Phases
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Research Team: “ad hoc committee” - temporary, conducts community dx
Community Study/Community Assessment/Situational Analysis
Research Team: “ad hoc committee” - temporary, conducts community dx
46
COPAR Phases
Plan solution for community problems
Plan solution for community problems
COPAR Phases
Organizational Phase
Plan solution for community problems
Organizational Phase
Plan solution for community problems
47
COPAR Phases
Build a Community Health Organization (CHO)
Build a Community Health Organization (CHO)
COPAR Phases
Organizational Phase
Build a Community Health Organization (CHO)
Organizational Phase
Build a Community Health Organization (CHO)
48
COPAR Phases
Election of Officers (Formal leaders) - Planners
Election of Officers (Formal leaders) - Planners
COPAR Phases
Organizational Phase
Election of Officers (Formal leaders) - Planners
Organizational Phase
Election of Officers (Formal leaders) - Planners
49
COPAR Phases
Training, teambuilding of officers
Training, teambuilding of officers
COPAR Phases
Organizational Phase
Training, teambuilding of officers
Organizational Phase
Training, teambuilding of officers
50
COPAR Phases
Mobilization - exercise of people’s power
Mobilization - exercise of people’s power
COPAR Phases
Action Phase
Mobilization - exercise of people’s power
Action Phase
Mobilization - exercise of people’s power
51
COPAR Phases
Program Implementation Monitoring Evaluations; can change plans
Program Implementation Monitoring Evaluations; can change plans
COPAR Phases
Action Phase
Program Implementation Monitoring Evaluations; can change plans
Action Phase
Program Implementation Monitoring Evaluations; can change plans
52
COPAR Phases
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
COPAR Phases
Action Phase
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
Action Phase
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
53
COPAR Phases
Action Phase
Organization & Training: - Implementers of plans
Action Phase
Organization & Training: - Implementers of plans
COPAR Phases
Action Phase
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
Action Phase
Organization & Training: BHW - Implementers of plans
54
COPAR Phases
Continue education and training of BHW and Officers (Secondary); develop medium and long-term goals
Continue education and training of BHW and Officers (Secondary); develop medium and long-term goals
COPAR Phases
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Continue education and training of BHW and Officers (Secondary); develop medium and long-term goals
Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
Continue education and training of BHW and Officers (Secondary); develop medium and long-term goals
55
COPAR Phases
Achieve self-reliance
Achieve self-reliance
COPAR Phases
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve self-reliance
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve self-reliance
56
COPAR Phases
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve
COPAR Phases
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve self-reliance
Turn-over/Phase-out
Achieve self-reliance
57
COPAR
- identify & plan solution for community problems
- identify & plan solution for community problems
COPAR
Community Organization - identify & plan solution for community problems
Community Organization - identify & plan solution for community problems
58
COPAR
- an approach in solving problem
- an approach in solving problem
COPAR
Participatory Action Research - an approach in solving problem
Participatory Action Research - an approach in solving problem
59
COPAR
Goal:
Goal:
COPAR
Goal: Community Health Development (Social Transformation)
Goal: Community Health Development (Social Transformation)
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