1Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
contain many triglycerides
2Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) 60-70%
cholesterol primary core lipid
greatest contributor to coronary heart disease (CHD)
3Highest-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
20-30% of cholesterol in blood and taken back to the liver
pick up cholesterol and take back to the liver = good
4Metabolic syndrome
increased high blood glucose - hyperglycemia
increased high triglycerides
increased high apolipoprotein B
decreased low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
increased levels above 150 mg/dL
5HMG-CoA Redcutase Inhibitors (Statins)
most effectvie drugs for lowering LDL
decrease of LDL cholesterol
increase of HDL cholesterol
decrease of triglyceride levels
6Lovastatin/Mevacor
class: Statins
use: hypercholesterolemia
adverse: headache, rash, GI disturbances
rare adverse: myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity
use in pregnancy = FDA Category X, contraindicated
dosing should be once daily in the evening
7Colesevelam/Welchol
class: bile-acid sequestrants
decrease in LDL cholesterol
use: reduces LDL cholesterol
adverse: constipation
8Gemfibrozil
most effective drugs available for lowering TG levels
can raise HDL cholesterol
little or no effect on LDL cholesterol
use: reduces high levels of plasma triglycerides for pt who do not respond to diet modifications
adverse: rashes, gallstones, liver injury