Chapter 12 MH

wrongful use and maltreatment of another
perpetrator typically someone the victim knows

across a life span: spouses, partners, children, elderly parents
many suffer in silence

physical
psychological

don't invite others to the home

only family member who makes decisions about anything

a person who is abusive is likely to use alcohol and other drugs

violence from one generation to the next
taught and raised on abuse = more likely to repeat

domestic violence affects families of all ages and from all ethnic, racial, religious, socioeconomic, national and sexual orientation backgrounds
battered immigrant women at particular risk
- face legal, social, and economic problems different from the U.S. citizens

mistreatment or misuse of one person by another in context of emotionally intimate relationship
psychological abuse (emotional abuse) can be overt or subtle -> name calling, belittling, screaming, ignoring
physical abuse: shoving, pushing, battering, choking
sexual: assults during sexual relations, rape -> pulling hair, slapping, hitting
rates higher among women
increased rates during pregnancy = threat of more attention to thebaby
domestic violence occurs in same-sex relationships with same statistical frequency = victims have fewer protections

abuse often perpetrated by husband against wife
abuser's view of wife as belonging to him; strong feelings of inadequacy, low self-esteem; poor problem-solving and social skills
increasing violence, abuse with any signs of independence

violent episode -> honeymoon period -> tension-building phase -> violent episode

abuser
- edgy, has minor explosions
- may become verbally abusive; minor hitting, slapping and other incidents begin
victim
- feels tense and afraid like "walking on eggshells"
- feels helpless, becomes compliant, accepts blame

the tension becomes unbearable; the victim may provoke an incident to get it over with
the victim may try to cover up the injury or may look for help

abuser
- loving behavior, such as bringing gifts and dlowers and doing special things for the victim
- contrite, sorry, makes promises to change
victim
- trusting, hoping for change, wants to believe partner's promises

victims do not commonly seek direct help for abuse
- some may be seeking treatment for other conditions
ask client if they feel safe at home

laws related to domestic violence; arrest
restaining order/protection order
recognition of stalking
shelters
individual psychotherapy/counseling, group therapy, support and self-help groups
treatment for PTSD
if the person is an adult with capacity and they don't want you to report it, you don't
MANDATORY REPORTING -> CHILDREN, ELDERLY, AND MENTALLY DISABLED

maltreatment of older adults
- physical, sexual, psycholgical abuse
- neglect or self-neglect = not eating, showering
- financial exploitation
- denial of adequate medial treatment
an estimated of 10% of population over age of 65 are abused by caregivers

may not want to report because the caregiver is their only means of life and they are thier family

caregiver stress relief = respite care/put in nursing home for a week as a break
possible removal of older adult or caregivers

perpetration of act of sexual intercourse with person against their will and without consent
- qill overcome by force, fear of forec, intoxicants
crime of violence and humiliation of victim expressed through sexual means
rape if victim cannot exercise rational judgment
only slight penetration necessary
committed by strangers, acquaintances, married people, people of same sex
highly underreported crime
most commonly occurs in victim's neighborhood, odten inside or near home
most rapes are premeditated
male rape is significantly underacknowledge and underreported
MOST OFTEN SOMEONE THEY KNOW

generally accepted that rape is not sexual crime
- exertion of power, control, infliction of pain, or punishment
feminist theory: women historically objects of aggression
primary motivation of victim is to sty alive
severe physcial and psychological trauma
treatment has improved, but many still believe a woman provokes rape with behavior.

physical examination to preserve evidence = CONSENT TO OBTAINING DATA, pictures, nails, and hair samples
go at pace og the client
description of what happened
rape kits, rape protocol
consent to filing police report

immediate support
education
give control back to victim
prophylactic treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy
counseling = early will lessen chance of PTSD
sypportive therapy

school violence (homicide, shootings)
bullying
- ostracism
hazing
effects on children, young adults
violence on a larger scale (terrorism)
- ptsd and depression

be aware of on beliefs
contraining feelings of horror or revulsions; focus on client's needs
- validate client's feelings
ask about abuse
help client focus on present