The New Deal

Recovery, Relief, Reform

government spending to create jobs

Brains trust, helped banks, fireside chats, Economy Act

experts in economics, government and law gave advice

Emergency Banking Act closed all banks for 4 days - only stable ones allowed to reopen, asked Americans to deposit savings in banks again - 1 million did, law to ensure bank deposits up to 2,500

30 times

reduced government running costs by 25%

- AAA
- Commodity Credit Corp
- PWA
- FERA
- HORA
- NRA
- FCA
- CCC
- TVA

Agricultural Adjustment Administration - fight overproduction - $11 per acre not farmed on

sub-part of AAA - paid farmers to keep extra goods in warehouses

Farm Credit Administration - improved mortgages for 20% of farms

National Recovery Administration - created industrial codes that companies could sign up to - blue eagle - 2.3 million businesses joined by July 1933

Federal Emergency Relief Act - provided $500 million for states to spend on relief

Home Owner's Refinancing Act - extended mortgages - 1 million kept homes

Public Works Administration - Grand River Dam, California

Civilian Conservation Corps - 17-23 year olds did reservoir digging and trail building

Tennessee Valley Authority - built 20 dams, educated farmers in new farming methods, Norris Dam - controlled floods and generated electricity

need for more help, elections to Congress in November 1934 brought in politicians who wanted reform, Supreme Court had shut down some 1st New Deal agencies

- 2nd AAA
- WPA
- FSA
- Housing Act
- Banking Act
- Wagner Act
- Resettlement Administration
- National Labor Relations Act
- Social Security Act

Works Progress Administration, helped employ 8 million, 11 billion spent

built 3 suburban towns, resettled families from overworked land

4 billion

replace shanty towns with new homes

set min wage and max working hours

Farm Security Administration, help rural poor buy farms and equipment - offered 1 billion in loans by 1941, migrant camps for those from dustbowl

Agricultural Adjustment Act, heavy taxes on sales above quotas

1935, federal pension system, benefits, grants for the old and disabled

50 million set aside for immediate needs of the elderly and 25 million for dependent children, domestic servants and agricultural labourers not included in unemployment and pension schemes

strengthened trade unions - membership rose to 9 million by 1940

1935, more control and regulation of banks

10% farms had elctricity 1930, no electric brooders for chicks

TVA dams generated electricity, Electric Home and Farm Authority (EHFA) helped farmers get electrical appliances, 1935 Rural Electrification Administration (REA)

35% farms had electricity by 1941, utility companies built spite lines to block REA, EHFA arranged 100,000 contracts for elctrical goods by 1938