Quantum Theory

the electron can act like a wave or particle

higher energy levels than ground state

1-7

how many electrons are in the highest energy levels

not possible to measure the velocity and position of the electron exactly; waves are bigger than electron so it gives energy

distance between 2 identical points on successive waves

einstein; energy is not continuous at all frequencies

forms of radiant energy that show wavelike behavior as it travels through space; forms of wave-both electrial and magnetic properties

("v") 1/s=Hz or sˆ-1

e=hv where h=6.626e-34 joules x seconds

(physics) a physical theory that certain properties occur only in disrete amounts (quanta)

cant work for any atoms except single electron atoms and ions; cant explain chemical bonds

electrons move around the nucleus as waves; electrons probably around nucleus; orbitals

state of lowest energy level of an atom

principle quantum number; orbital quantum number; magnetic quantum number; spin quantum number

energy level, shape, location, and electrons

n; main energy level; periods of the periodic table

shapee of orbital; s,p,d,f

orientation; x,y,z

s-1 p-3 d-5 f-7

probable location of electron

electrons enter the orbitals of the lowest energy first

electrons are placed in seperate orbitals of the same energy before pairing up

no 2 electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum numbers (opposite spins)

arrangement of electrons of an atom

finite quantity of energy in discrete units that are gained or lost by an atom

particle or packets or particular energy

s-sphere; p-dumbell; d-4leaf clover and dumbell with donut; f 6leafed flower

height of the wave

the number of waves that pass by a particular point in one second (cycles/second)