Chapter 12: Brain Anatomy and Functions
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1
responsible for higher mental functions
cerebral cortex
2
sensory relay station
thalamus
3
homeostasis, hunger, thirst,
hypothalamus
4
balance, coordination
cerebellum
5
control of some reflexes, homeostatic functions
brain stem
6
myelinated axons
white matter
7
neuronal cell bodies
grey matter
8
white matter on the inside or outside of spinal cord?
outside
9
what separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres?
longitudinal fissure
10
frontal lobe responsibility
planning, movement, complex mental functions
11
parietal lobe responsibility
integrating sensory information
12
temporal lobe responsibility
hearing
13
occipital lobe responsibility
vision
14
insula responsibility
taste, viscera
15
what is the sense that doesn’t pass through thalamus?
SMELL
16
primary motor cortex…?
plans and executes movement, opposite side of body as brain
17
primary sensory cortices….?
first regions to receive and process sensory input
18
association areas…?
integrate information
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a defective Broca’s area would lead to…..?
expressive aphasia
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a defective wernicke’s area would lead to….?
receptive aphasia
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vestibular areas deal with……?
equilibrium and positional sensations
22
taste is within the…..
gustatory complex
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behavior and personality are in the….
prefrontal cortex
24
what connects the left and right hemispheres?
corpus callosum
25
memory and learning are in what part of the limbic system?
hippocampus
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emotion, mostly fear are in what part of the limbic system?
amygdala
27
what is the pituitary gland attached to?
hypothalamus
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how is the pituitary gland attached to the hypothalamus?
infundibulum
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what does the pituitary gland release?
antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
30
what connects the hypothalamus with the limbic system?
mammillary bodies
31
what does the pineal gland secrete?
melatonin
32
what is the branching white matter in the cerebellum called?
arbor vitae
33
what do the superior and inferior colliculi do?
visual and auditory functions
34
what is the corpora quadrigemina composed of?
inferior and superior colliculi
35
name of the dark bodies in Parkinson’s?
substantial Nigra
36
the corticospinal fibers decussate meaning…
they cross to the other side of the body
37
what would damage to motor tracts of pons cause?
locked in syndrome, where no purposeful moevement is possible
38
what are the three meninges?
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
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space between the inner side of cranial bones and the dura mater
epidural space
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whats in the subdural space?
serous fluid
41
how many ventricles are there?
4
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where is majority of CSF manufactured?
Choroid plexuses
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inflammation of the meninges is called?
meningitis
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