Chapter 12: Brain Anatomy and Functions
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1
responsible for higher mental functions
cerebral cortex
2
sensory relay station
thalamus
3
homeostasis, hunger, thirst,
hypothalamus
4
balance, coordination
cerebellum
5
control of some reflexes, homeostatic functions
brain stem
6
myelinated axons
white matter
7
neuronal cell bodies
grey matter
8
white matter on the inside or outside of spinal cord?
outside
9
what separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres?
longitudinal fissure
10
frontal lobe responsibility
planning, movement, complex mental functions
11
parietal lobe responsibility
integrating sensory information
12
temporal lobe responsibility
hearing
13
occipital lobe responsibility
vision
14
insula responsibility
taste, viscera
15
what is the sense that doesn’t pass through thalamus?
SMELL
16
primary motor cortex…?
plans and executes movement, opposite side of body as brain
17
primary sensory cortices….?
first regions to receive and process sensory input
18
association areas…?
integrate information
19
a defective Broca’s area would lead to…..?
expressive aphasia
20
a defective wernicke’s area would lead to….?
receptive aphasia
21
vestibular areas deal with……?
equilibrium and positional sensations
22
taste is within the…..
gustatory complex
23
behavior and personality are in the….
prefrontal cortex
24
what connects the left and right hemispheres?
corpus callosum
25
memory and learning are in what part of the limbic system?
hippocampus
26
emotion, mostly fear are in what part of the limbic system?
amygdala
27
what is the pituitary gland attached to?
hypothalamus
28
how is the pituitary gland attached to the hypothalamus?
infundibulum
29
what does the pituitary gland release?
antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
30
what connects the hypothalamus with the limbic system?
mammillary bodies
31
what does the pineal gland secrete?
melatonin
32
what is the branching white matter in the cerebellum called?
arbor vitae
33
what do the superior and inferior colliculi do?
visual and auditory functions
34
what is the corpora quadrigemina composed of?
inferior and superior colliculi
35
name of the dark bodies in Parkinson’s?
substantial Nigra
36
the corticospinal fibers decussate meaning…
they cross to the other side of the body
37
what would damage to motor tracts of pons cause?
locked in syndrome, where no purposeful moevement is possible
38
what are the three meninges?
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
39
space between the inner side of cranial bones and the dura mater
epidural space
40
whats in the subdural space?
serous fluid
41
how many ventricles are there?
4
42
where is majority of CSF manufactured?
Choroid plexuses
43
inflammation of the meninges is called?
meningitis
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