marketing cluster

Usefulness created by making sure that goods and services are available at the place where they are needed or wanted by customers.

Assists with (union) negotiations; In binding arbitration, this person's decisions regarding the contract are final and cannot be changed

Comprehending one's personal needs interests, values, and motives and recognizing their effects on one's behavior

Involves a business or person who uses, without permission, another person's name, likeness, and other unique
characteristics for the benefit or gain of the user

Civil wrongdoings that cause harm or injury to another party

Predatory behavior undertaken by a business to draw
either customers or employees away from a competitor

Making false, malicious statements about a person or
organization

When personal property is taken from the owner and
given to someone else to use

Acts as a "legal person" in doing business and is owned
by stockholders who have purchased stock

A form of business ownership in which the business is
owned by two or more persons

Form of business ownership in which the business is
owned by one person

Owned and operated by its user-owners to supply goods
and services to its members

Involves understanding the concepts and processes
needed to identify, select, monitor, and evaluate sales
channels

Involves understanding the concepts and strategies
needed to communicate information about goods, services, images, and/or ideas to achieve a desired outcome

The marketing function that involves determining and adjusting prices to maximize return and meet customers'
perceptions of value

The marketing function that involves obtaining, developing, maintaining, and improving a product or service mix
in response to market opportunities

Middlemen and incude sales agents, wholesalers, and
retailers who perform specific functions in the movement
of goods form producers to consumers

Involve producers and either industrial or ultimate consumers

Practice of pricing, promoting, and distributing products in
such a way that they do not harm the natural environment

Deals with safety features and product labeling standards
that protect the consumer

The practice of enlightening the community of business
actions to promote social welfare

Marketing goods and services in foreign countries

Conceal the real complaint a customer has by stating
another believable but secondary complaint for their dissatisfaction

A complaint when the customer expresses an honest
dissatisfaction

A complaint which results from poor service

A complaint in which the customer is dissatisfied with the
business in general

A business's agreement (spoken or unspoken) with customers that will consistently meet their expectations and
deliver on its brand characteristics and values

When products are available at the time they are needed
or wanted by customers

Usefulness created by altering or changing the form or
shape of a good to make it more useful to customers

Usefulness created by making sure that goods and services are available at the place where they are needed or
wanted by customers.

Usefulness created when ownership of a product is transferred from the seller to the user

Ensuring that products met predetermined standards for
excellence; also part of operations

Acquiring necessary goods and services; part of operations

Supervising inventory levels to make sure there is an
appropriate balance; part of operations

Rivalry between two or more business to attract scarce
(limited) customer dollars

Desire to make profit, which moves people to invest in
business

Rapid rise in prices usually occurring when demand exceeds supply

A special government tax on certain items, such as gasoline, certain businesses, cars, etc.

Government financial help given to a business

A piece of paper (real or virtual) that says the governing
body or corporation will borrow your money at a particular
interest rate for a particular period of time; Interest-bearing certificates issued by government that promise to pay
bond owners a certain sum at a specified time

Union members elected by their peers to handle any
grievances or problems members might have with management

Responsibilities include leading the union as a whole
rather than assisting individuals

Involved in union negotiations, clarifying issues, and making suggestions concerning the contract

Assists with (union) negotiations; In binding arbitration,
this person's decisions regarding the contract are final
and cannot be changed

The ability to put yourself in another person's place

Comprehending one's personal needs interests, values,
and motives and recognizing their effects on one's behavior

The amount and value of goods and services produced
(outputs) from set amounts of resources (inputs)

Decision-making outcome that requires the substantial
agreement of each group member

Few people in the group make the decision

A desire for the future that is achieved over time with
determination and hard work

When money is saved rather than spent

When money is used to obtain goods and services

Trading one good or service for another good or service

When money functions as this, the individual holding the
money assesses what s/he is willing to pay for a good or
service

Provides a variety of financial services to individuals and
business. Besides providing savings accounts and other
saving options, banks also make loans and offer credit
cards. Many large banks have trust departments and help
individuals plan for retirement. It may be possible to obtain
all necessary financial services from that institution

Collects various types of taxes

A business condition that can create economic risks

The process of keeping and interpreting financial records

Financial obligations a business has

Money owed to the business for purchases made by
customers

Sums of money paid to investors or stockholders as earnings on investments

The ratio that reflects the number of days between a
company paying for raw materials and receiving cash
from selling the products made from those raw materials

cash more cash

The amount of money that a business earns on sales after
expenses; expressed as a ratio

The process of planning, staffing, leading, and organizing
the employees of a business

Paths, or routes, that goods or services take from the
producer to the ultimate consumer or industrial user

The systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of
data about a specific issue, situation, or concern

Any factor that is subject to change

An in-depth analysis of a person, group, or event

A marketing research method that tests cause and effect by testing marketing new products or comparing test
groups with control groups

Proposed explanation for something

Measure attitude

A method of collecting information about customers' buying habits and inventory status because the scanning
system can track large volumes of goods

This function involves gathering, accessing, synthesizing,
evaluating, and disseminating information to aid in making marketing decisions

This function involves determining customer needs and
wants and responding through planned, personalized
communication that influences purchase decisions and
enhances future business opportunity

The things the business want to attain

The combination of marketing communication channels
that a business uses to send its messages to consumers

Dividing the market into groups that have similar characteristics

The market divided on the basis of a lifestyle choice

Dividing a market on the basis of location

The physical and social characteristics of a population

A type of behavioral segmentation, which involves dividing customers into groups according to their response to
a product

The way in which the information is communicated

Presenting unbiased information

A method of gathering, storing, and analyzing data for the
purpose of making business decisions

An economic system in which individuals and groups,
rather than government, own or control the means of
production. Considered a free market enterprise. No government interference. Small pizza shop

An analysis of external forces that influence a business's
success; Collecting information about the environment
(e.g. competitors and economic decisions) surrounding
the business

An economic factor that may be a threat or an opportunity

One that creates something entirely new

Enhances, adds to, or extends an existing project

Relies on the use of new technology

Takes on new visions or pursuits for the business

Involves the development of totally new or improved products

Changing the way that a product is produced or delivered

Involves identifying new, different ways to position a product or a company

A shift in the way of thinking that causes a change

When a company prices its products below cost, making
it difficult for other companies to complete with the low
prices causing the other companies to possibly go out of
business

When a business charges one price for all items it sells

A pricing strategy that involves setting prices higher than
those of the competition

The difference between the cost of a product and its
selling price

A creative-thinking process that involves generating ideas
by making associations (SWOT)

Warranties that are in writing or expressed verbally

A product-mix strategy in which a business creates a
certain image or impression of a product in the minds of
consumers

A product mix-strategy in which a business removes, or
deletes, product items or product lines from its product
mix

A product mix-strategy in which a business makes
changes to its products or product lines

A product mix-strategy in which a business expands its
product mix by adding additional product items or product
lines

The interactions that customers have with the business;
can be divided into three categories: pre-p

Includes promotional activities other than advertising

Any nonpersonal presentation of ideas, goods, or services that is not paid for by the company or individual
which benefits from it

The form of promotion that uses planned, personalized
communication in order to influence purchase decisions
and enhance future business opportunities

A promotional medium that comes to consumers' homes
in the form of letters, catalogs, postcards, and folders

A promotional tactic that involves sending or forwarding
promotional messages over the Internet (e.g. email, social-media websites, and blogs) to generate buzz about a
brand, company, or product

Deals with the rules and regulations that have been established by governmental agencies.

Involves selling a product through just one middleman in a
geographic area and allows the manufacturer to maintain
tight control over the product

Involves selling a product through every available wholesaler and retailer in a geographic area where consumers
might look for it

Involves selling a product through a limited number of
wholesalers and retailers in a geographical area

Intermediaries who help move goods between producers
and retailers

Intermediaries who assist in the sale and/or promotion of
goods and services but do not take title to them

Intermediaries that sell products to industrial users (businesses)

A small computer chip that is attached to the item. The tag
contains product information such as price, style, model
number, etc., and allows channel members to track the
item's movement from the time it leaves the production
line to the point of purchase

Provides an overview of the entire report and containsthe most important information included in the body of the report

A method to measure and evaluate a channel member's performance

An effort to build loyal, trusting, personal, and long-term associations with the clients or customers that have the potential to generate profit for the business

The process of planning, staffing, leading, and organizing the employees of the business

The process of planning, controlling, and monitoring the day-to-day activities required for continued business functioning

An economic principle stating that after a certain point, hiring additional employees will result in a decrease in the overall level of production

Currency

Bonds issued by corporations to fund operating expenses

A collection of shareholders' money that invested by professional fund managers in an assortment of different securities, such as stocks and bonds

Issued by local governments

A fee that the government charges on retail products

A tax on land and buildings

A tax on the income a person earns, such as wages earned by performing work for an employer

A psychological phenomenon that evolves when conformity and the cohesiveness of the group become more important than the group's objective, purpose, or problem

An unethical and, in some jurisdictions, an illegal practice in which a researcher pretends to conduct research but is really trying to solicit a donation for a group or organization

The process of introducing a new product to a limited market to determine what its acceptance will be

Involves gathering data by watching consumers

A group of consumers formed for the purpose of discussing a specific topic, usually a good or service

secondary but within the business

Outline condition under which the seller will repair or replace a product

Involves collecting information to help the business define its issue, situation, or concern, and decide how to proceed with its research

The course of action for gathering marketing information from a section or portion of a target market

Rates respondents' attitudes or feelings according to a degree

Provides seven spaces, which are bounded by descriptive antonyms at each end, such as durable and fragile. The respondent places an "X" at the point or space on the continuum that best describes his/her feelings about the object or idea s/he is rating.

A type of category scale and provides respondents with options such as very often, often, sometimes, rarely, and never

A list of items that a business needs to purchase for inventory

A financial summary that shows how much money the business has made or has lost over a period of time

Buying inexpensive goods on a frequent basis, such as computer printer paper

Involves much customer involvement because the items are expensive and purchased infrequently, such as cars, laptop computers, and homes

Involves designing products and directing marketing activities to appeal to the whole market

A determination of a business's current situation and the direction in which the business is headed

A prediction of future sales over a specific period of time

Based on expert opinions and feedback, as well as personal experience

A symbol, design, or word used by a producer to identify a good or service

A formal charge in which the judicial system accuses an individual with a crime of withholding critical evidence that can affect the outcome of a trial

An order issued by a judge that instructs law-enforcement officers to bring to jail an individual who has been charged with a crime

Consist of two or more related computer programs that work together to record information or perform specific business tasks or functions

Summarizes the details about the business's needs, bid requirements, and deadlines

When businesses optimize their resources and productivity levels and reduce wasted resources, including time, materials, money, etc

A deliberate action that involves overcharging customers, usually for smaller goods, with the expectation that the customer will not notice or fuss about it.

The practice of pricing goods extremely low with the goal of driving the competition out of business

Involves producers pressuring retailers to sell goods at the suggested retail price

An illegal agreement in which businesses agree on prices of their goods or services, resulting in little choice forcustomers

Makes calculations using a variety of product and pricing data

The benefit that is lost when you decide to use scarce resources for one purpose rather than another

When sales of a product peak and then slowly start to decline

When sales of a product drop sharply, and businesses then tend to reduce advertising

A general direction in which people or events are moving

An indication of how changes in price will affect changes in the amounts demanded and supplied

Agreements among two or more parties stating that oneparty is to do something in return for something provided by another party

A form of business ownership in which the business is owned by two or more persons

A promise to the consumer that a product's purchase price will be refunded if the product is not satisfactory

Delivery, Installation, and Price

Takes place through one or more channel members, such as supermarkets

Refers to the computer network that allows employees to collaborate and exchange information within the business

Involves customers returning used products to the manufacturer

A short report that presents facts without analysis

A report that is more complex, has several different parts, and provides an analysis of the facts int he report

An account of sales calls or other business activities carried out by staff

Refers to the usefulness of a product

The process of planning, maintaining, monitoring, controlling, and reporting the use of financial resources

The process of planning, controlling, and organizing an organization or department

The process of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organizations and its stakeholders