1What amino acid is a secondary amine whose presence in a protein disrupts normal secondary structure?
proline
2Hydrophilic amino acids have side chains that contain () of () atoms
O, N
3The acidic amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids) have () that are negatively charged, whereas the basic amino acids (lysine,
arginine, and histidine) have () that are positively charged.
carboxyl groups, nitrogen atoms
4Serine and threonine are sites for O-linked glycosylation of proteins, a
() modification that should be associated with the ().
posttranslational, Golgi apparatus
5Asparagine is a site for N-linked glycosylation of proteins, a () modification that should be associated with the ().
cotranslational, endoplasmic reticulum
8V is for
maple syrup urine disease
9L is for
maple syrup urine disease
10I is for
maple syrup urine disease
12Name all the nonpolar, aliphatic side chain amino acids
G, A, V, L, I, P
13Name all the aromatic side chain amino acids
F, Y, W
14F is for
catecholamine precursor
15Y is for
catecholamine precursor
16W is for
serotonin, niacin
17Hydrophobic amino acids are () where environment is nonpolar
membrane-spanning
18() can be considered nonpolar or polar because of the ability of the -OH group to form a ()
Tyrosine, hydrogen bond
19Name all the acids that have positively charged R groups
K, R, H
20Name all the acids that have negatively charged R groups
D, E
21Name all the acids that have polar, uncharged R groups
S, T, C, M, N, Q
27S is for
sites for O-glycosylation
28T is for
sites for O-glycosylation
29C is for
forms disulfide dimers
31N is for
sites for N-glycosylation
32Q is for
carrier of blood ammonia
33name all the essential amino acids
R, H, I, L, K, M, P, T, W, V
34() is essentialy only during periods of positive nitrogen balance
Arginine
355 factors associated with negative nitrogen balance
protein malnutrition(kwashiorkor), Dietary deficiency of even 1 essential amino acid, starvation, uncontrolled diabetes, infection
364 factors associated with positive nitrogen balance
growth, pregnancy, convalescence(recovery phase of injury or surgery), recovery from condition associated with negative nitrogen balance
37() is a chronic deficiency of calories
marasmus
382 independent properties of chemical reactions
energy and rate
39What happens to Km and Vmax when competitive inhibitor is added?
Km increase, Vmax no effect
40What happens to Km and Vmax when incompetitive inhibitor is added?
Km no effect, Vmax decrease
412 examples of competitive inhibitors
statin drugs(HMG CoA), methotrexate(dihydrofolate reductase)
421 example of noncompetitive inhibitors
allopurinol(xanthine oxidase)