1allegory
story or poem that can be used to reveal a hidden meaning
2alliteration
beginning of same letter or sound in closely connected words
3allusion
indirect of passing reference
4anaphora
repetition in first part of a sentence , to have an artistic meaning
5apostrophe
figure of speech used to adresss an imaginary character
6assonance
repetition of vowel sounds
7blank verse
poetry written in meter without an ending rhyme
8cacophony
blend of unharmonious sounds
9caesura
pause in the middle of a line
10catharsis
the release of emotions through art (emotional cleanse)
11connotation
secondary meaning to a word
12consonance
repetition of same consonant in words close together
13couplet
two rhyming lines in a verse
14denotation
the literal meaning of a word
15double rhyme
rhyme where the repeated vowel is in the second last syllable of words involved (ex; born scorn)
16end rhyme
rhymes occurring at the end of line
17end stopped line
line ending in regular punctuation
18English/Shakepeare sonnet
a sonnet rhyming ababcdcdededgg
19euphony
smooth choice and arrangement of sounds
20extended figure
A figure of speech sustained or developed through a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem.
21figurative language
Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.
22figure of speech
a way of saying something other than the ordinary way
23foot
basic unit in the scansion or measurement of verse , stressed and un stressed syllables
24form
external pattern or shape of a poem
25free verse
Poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme
26imagery
Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
27internal rhyme
A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line
28irony
A contrast between expectation and reality
29verbal irony
A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant
30dramatic irony
Irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.
31italian sonnet
A sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd
32metaphor
A comparison without using like or as
33meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
34metonymy
A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it
36onomatopoeia
A word that imitates the sound it represents.
37hyperbole
A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor
38oxymoron
A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.
39paradox
A contradiction or dilemma
40personification
A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
41quatrain
A four line stanza
42rhythm
A regularly recurring sequence of events or actions.
43rhyme scheme
A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem
45simile
A comparison using "like" or "as"
47stanza
A group of lines in a poem
48syllabic verse
Verse measured by the number of syllables rather than the number of feet per line.
49symbol
A thing that represents or stands for something else
50synecdoche
a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa
51synesthesia
describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")
53theme
Central idea of a work of literature
54understandment
the deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis
55verse
A single line of poetry
writing arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme
56vilanelle
a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.
57tone
A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.
58iambic pentameter
a poetic meter that is made up of 5 stressed syllables each followed by an unstressed syllable
59ode
A lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject.
60mood
Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader
61iambic tetrameter
line of a verse with 4 feet (8 syllables)
62elegy
a sad or mournful poem
64enjambment
A run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next.
65lyric poem
a short poem of songlike quality
66near rhyme
rhyming in which the words sound the same but do not rhyme perfectly
67slant rhyme
rhyme in which the vowel sounds are nearly, but not exactly the same (i.e. the words "stress" and "kiss"); sometimes called half-rhyme, near rhyme, or partial rhyme