African American Military (1865-1920)

What act, signed in 1866, authorized six segregated Black regiments, known colloquially as the Buffalo Soldiers? (9th and 10th Cavalry, 24th and 25th Infantry)

Who was the first African American nominee to attend West Point, nominated by Rep. Solomon Hoge from South Carolina?

Who was the first African American to graduate from West Point, assigned to the 10th Cavalry, nominated by Rep. James Freeman?

Who was nominated by Rep. Hoge, but was brutally assaulted by fellow cadets, accused of faking an attack, then expelled due to racial bias?

Who became the second African American to graduate, nominated by Rep. Geddes, born free, and became the first Black officer to hold a regular faculty post at a a white institution?

Who became the third African American to graduate West Point, later serving as the highest-ranking Black officer by WWI (Colonel)?

Who applied to West Point but was not admitted, later becoming the first African American general in the US Army in 1949? (Also served during the Filipino Insurrection and WWI)

Were African Americans commissioned as naval officers during the timeframe of 1865-1920?

Who was the first African American to be admitted to the Naval Academy?

Who gave the 9th-10th Cavalry and 24-25th Infantry Regiments the name “Buffalo Soldiers” due to their courage and buffalo-like hair?

Fighting in the Indian Wars, building infrastructure, protecting settlers, and engaging in skirmishes along the US-Mexico border were some of the what that the Buffalo Soldiers did?

What are some notable engagements of the Buffalo Soldiers?

Which regiment of the Buffalo Soldiers was formed in July 28th, 1866 in New Orleans, commanded by Colonel Edward Hatch?

Which of the Buffalo Soldiers participated in the Indian Wars, the Spanish-American War (Battle of San Juan Hill), the Philippine-American War, and engaged in Mexican Border Conflicts (Punitive Expedition)?

Which of the Buffalo Soldiers was formed on September 21st, 1866 at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas, initially commanded by Colonel Benjamin Grierson?

Which engagements did the 10th Cavalry share with the 9th Cavalry?

Which of the Buffalo Soldiers was formed on November 1st, 1869 after consolidating the 38th and 41st Infantry Regiments?

The Western Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and Filipino independence movements are all major assignments of what Buffalo Soldier regiment?

What tragic event saw 150 24th Infantry members riot against racial abuse by Houston Police, resulting in 19 deaths?

What Buffalo Soldier regiment was formed on November 1st, 1869 after consolidating the 39th and 40th Infantry Regiments?

Among the major assignments shared between the 24th and 25th Infantry Regiments, what other assignment were they given where they tested out the military viability of bycicles?

In what event were 167 Black soldiers of the 25th Infantry Regiment dishonorably discharged after being falselt accused of a shooting in Brownsville, Texas in 1906?

What units were involved in the Spanish-American War, notably the Battle of San Juan Hill?

Why did Black soldiers have mixed responses in participating in the Philippine-American War?

Why was it important that Black Americans were involved in military?

How did Black enlistment improve social relations?

How many Buffalo Soldiers received the Medal of Honor between 1870 and 1898?

What Sergeant, from the 9th Cavalry, became the first African American to receive the Medal of Honor after the Civil War?

Which Mexican revolutionary attacked Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17 Americans in March of 1916?

What incursion was authorized by President Woodrow Wilson, commanded by General Pershing, into northern Mexico?

What battle involved the 10th Cavalry against Mexican federal forces near Carrizal, where 12 were killed and 23 were captured, reflecting their bravery? (1916)

How was racial discrimination still entrenched in military?

What started in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Principe, a proxy of the Black Hand?

What Russian Tsar agreed to back Serbia after Archduke Frans Joseph of Austria imposed restrictions on Serbia?

What telegram was intercepted by the British, sent by Germany to Mexico to forge an alliance against the United States, claiming to help restore territory lost in the Mexican-American War, resulting in US involvement in WWI in 1917?

What percentage of African Americans did the draftees limit to as a result of segregation at the time?

What act, signed in 1917, required all US men ages 21-30 to register for the draft?

How many African American men were drafted out of the 2.3 million that registered?

What fort was established as a training camp for Black officers?

What categories of service did African American military units fall under?

What division, also known as the Buffalo Division, fought under US command in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, suffering heavy casualties and earning multiple Croix de Guerre medals from France?

What divison was assigned to the French army due to racism with US command?

What notable infantry regiment (369th) served 191 days on the front, engaging in several French offensives, later honored in NYC parade?

What historic African American unit was formed on June 2nd, 1913, as the 15th Infantry Regiment (Colored) of the NY National Guard, organized in Harlem?

What Sergeant was given the nickname “Black Death” because of his ability to repel a German raiding party almost single-handedly during a trench raid, wounded 21 times, wounding/killing 24 Germans?

What band leader of the Hellfighters’ regimental band introduced ragtime and early jazz to European audiences, later murdered in 1919 by a bandmate?

Nearly how many African American troops were assigned to non-combat labor roles?

What series of racial riots were sparked partly by Black veterans asserting their rights?

What phrase, known as the Double V Ideology, layed the groundwork for future civil rights struggles?