1What is the main role of the circulatory system in relation to cells?
To deliver substances like nutrients, gases, and hormones to cells and remove wastes
2Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Artery
3Which blood vessel carries blood toward the heart?
Vein
4What is the largest artery in the body?
Aorta
5What type of vessel is a small branch of an artery that leads to capillaries?
Arteriole
6Where does exchange of gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes with cells occur?
Capillaries
7Why are capillaries important in the circulatory system?
They are the microscopic vessels where actual exchange with tissues happens
8What does solubility mean?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution
9Why is solubility essential for life processes?
Substances must be dissolved to be transported and to react chemically
10What is the main solvent in blood?
Water
11Why is water’s role as a solvent important in blood?
It allows nutrients, hormones, and electrolytes to dissolve and be transported
12Where do most biological chemical reactions occur?
In liquids, especially aqueous (water-based) solutions
13What property of water helps it resist rapid temperature change?
High specific heat
14What does specific heat describe?
The amount of heat energy needed to change a substance’s temperature
15How does water’s specific heat affect climate?
It absorbs and releases heat slowly, reducing extreme temperature changes
16Why do deserts have large temperature swings between day and night?
They lack water to buffer temperature changes
17Why is Mars used as an example when discussing water and temperature?
It lacks much water and shows extreme temperature variation
18What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body
19Why is a stable body temperature important for humans?
Enzymes and biochemical reactions work only in a narrow temperature range
20What is normal human body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
About 98.6°F
21What happens to most people around 100°F body temperature?
They feel ill with a fever
22What symptoms occur around 96°F body temperature?
Hypothermic symptoms and feeling very sick
23Why are electrolytes important in the body?
They help regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle function
24What are hormones?
Chemical messengers transported in blood to regulate body processes
25What is the branching order of vessels from the heart to the smallest vessels?
Aorta → arteries → smaller arteries → arterioles → capillaries
26What is the main role of the circulatory system in relation to cells?
To deliver substances like nutrients, gases, and hormones to cells and remove wastes
27Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Artery
28Which blood vessel carries blood toward the heart?
Vein
29What is the largest artery in the body?
Aorta
30What type of vessel is a small branch of an artery that leads to capillaries?
Arteriole
31Where does exchange of gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes with cells occur?
Capillaries
32Why are capillaries important in the circulatory system?
They are the microscopic vessels where actual exchange with tissues happens
33What does solubility mean?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution
34Why is solubility essential for life processes?
Substances must be dissolved to be transported and to react chemically
35What is the main solvent in blood?
Water
36Why is water’s role as a solvent important in blood?
It allows nutrients, hormones, and electrolytes to dissolve and be transported
37Where do most biological chemical reactions occur?
In liquids, especially aqueous (water-based) solutions
38What property of water helps it resist rapid temperature change?
High specific heat
39What does specific heat describe?
The amount of heat energy needed to change a substance’s temperature
40How does water’s specific heat affect climate?
It absorbs and releases heat slowly, reducing extreme temperature changes
41Why do deserts have large temperature swings between day and night?
They lack water to buffer temperature changes
42Why is Mars used as an example when discussing water and temperature?
It lacks much water and shows extreme temperature variation
43What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body
44Why is a stable body temperature important for humans?
Enzymes and biochemical reactions work only in a narrow temperature range
45What is normal human body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
About 98.6°F
46What happens to most people around 100°F body temperature?
They feel ill with a fever
47What symptoms occur around 96°F body temperature?
Hypothermic symptoms and feeling very sick
48Why are electrolytes important in the body?
They help regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle function
49What are hormones?
Chemical messengers transported in blood to regulate body processes
50What is the branching order of vessels from the heart to the smallest vessels?
Aorta → arteries → smaller arteries → arterioles → capillaries