1What is ATP ( Adenosine Triphosphate)
The body's MAIN ENERGY SOURCE AND IS THE PRODUCTION OF ALL ENERGY PATHWAYS
2What does Aerobic mean
With oxygen
3What is Aerobic Metabolism
The production of ATP with Oxygen
4What is the Mitochondria
The energy powerhouse of the cell (MAKES ATP) and the site of Aerobic Metabolism
5What does Anaerobic mean
Without Oxygen
6What is Anaerobic Metabolism
The production of ATP without oxygen
7What is the Cytoplasm
The liquid portion of the cell and the site of anaerobic metabolism
8What is Glycolysis
Breaking down of carbohydrates (glucose) to generate ATP
9What is Oxidation
Relative to the breakdown of fat
10What are the 4 Energy Pathways
Phosphagen System (ATP-PCr System)
Anaerobic Glycolysis
Aerobic Glycolysis
Aerobic Fatty Acid Oxidation
11What is the fastest energy system
Phosphagen System
12What is another word for Anaerobic Glycolysis
The Lactate System
13How long does the Phoshagen System last
3-30 seconds
14How long does Anaerobic Glycolysis last
1-3 minutes
15How long does Aerobic Glycolysos last
3 minutes +
16How long does Aerobic Fatty Acid Oxidation
3 minutes plus at a steady state (ex. running long distance)
17How does the Phoshagen System work
The Anaerobic breakdown of phosphocreatine in the cytoplasm without oxygen
18TRUE or FALSE: ATP is broken down into ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and the PCr (phosphocreatine) gives the ADP the P (Phosphate) to form ATP
TRUE
19How does phosphocreatine give you energy
It is readily present to quickly replenish ATP, BUT only for a very short period of time, 3-30 seconds
20Where does the Anaerobic system occur
In the Cytosol/Cytoplasm
21TRUE or FALSE: Availibility of phosphate creatine will determine how long the phosphagen will be the predominant energy system
TRUE
22What is the Phospagen System able to power
It can power an all-out sprint for 3-30 seconds
23What is the ration of PCr to ATP yield
1:1 ratio
24What does glucose convert into in order to prepare for the Mitochondria
in converts into Pyruvate
25Does Lactic Acid damage the muscle fibers
NO
26If Oxygen is not availible what does Pyruvate attach to and what does it become
Pyruvate attaches to H+ and becomes Lactate
27As Lactate is produced in the Cytoplasm, it is shipped out of the cell so that the cell is not intoxicated. Where does this occur?
It occurs via the Lactate Shuffle
28Since Lactic Acid is NOT A SOURCE OF FATIGUE, what is and what does it act as?
Lactate and it acts as a buffer because it accepts the H+
29What is the Limiting Factor for Anaerobic Glycolysis
Lactate
30What Energy System synthesizes (generates) energy the fastest
The Phosphagen System
31What yields the largest amount of energy
Fat Oxidation
32What is the Primary source of ATP Production at rest and during low intensity activities
Aerobic Metabolism
33What does Aerobic Metabolism consist of
The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
34TRUE or FALSE: If Oxygen IS present in sufficient quantities, pyruvate is transported to the Mitochondria and converted to Acetyl-CoA (Acetyl-Coenzyme A), which then enters the KREBS cycle for Further ATP Production
TRUE
35What is the Limiting Factor for Aerobic Metabolis
Oxygen
36TRUE or FALSE: The lower the intensity of an activity, the larger the proportion of energy that will come from fat
TRUE, BUT although the relative proportion may be larger, the absolute AMOUNT of fat is NOT necessarily greater
37Aerobic Resistance Training aerobically with light weights and high reps will target what muscle fibers
It targets more Type 1 Muscle Fibers and results in less hypertrophy, strength, and power gains
38When training Aerobic Resistance Training aerobically, what adaptation occurs
Mitochondrial and capillary density will increase, as will maximal oxygen capacity
39Anaerobic Resistance Training will do what
It will increase size strength, and power of Type 2 Fibers